STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX]
1861

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], January 19, 1861, p. 2, c. 2-3

No. 1 Volume 18^th.

            With this issue the standard commences its eighteenth volume, eighteen years and five months after its first issue, which was August 20^th, 1842.
            It has continued, without intermission, the exclusive property and under the sole control of its present editor and publisher.  The time lost which prevents its record age upon its face, from agreement with its actual age, has been the result of lapses in its early history, when from mishaps in pecuniary arrangements, and accidents of Navigation, it has been suspended for intervals ranging from two weeks to three months.  One of these occurred some eight years since, while the proprietor was absent from home.  His paper was detained at Alexandria on Red River, pledged by the Captain of the Steam Boat on which it had been shipped, with all the rest of his cargo, for his own private purposes.  The agreement was a gross fraud upon many persons, who lost much of their freight from damage by long detention in a warehouse.  We lost, by the lapse of time, which could not be avoided, there being no chance to procure paper this side of New Orleans.
            A newspaper publisher in a newly settled country, inland, suffers great inconveniences.  We have paper now out, shipped at Philadelphia Nov. 17^th, of which we have no information since shipment.  It is imperative that large purchases must be made during the Fall and Winter months, or we would frequently be out of paper.
            A paper with quite a small circulation might avoid this by moderate expenditures, though our readers in Northern Texas, know that even these are frequently out of paper.  Much money, or extra good credit is indispensable to the convenient maintenance of the newspaper business in this region; and paper is an article for which most persons have to pay cash on delivery.
            Notwithstanding the generally unremunerative character of the business of newspaper publishing; more close labor and less reward than from any other, being its characteristics; still it fascinates numbers of the inexperienced; who like to throw themselves before the great Public and course the field of Journalism with mixed hopes of Fame and Profit.—How many acquire the first we shall not decide; we are quite clear in our convictions that few get very rich by the pursuit.
            Still it has its uses.  The pursuit should expand the Mind of the man, who is at all competent to undertake it, and pass the portals of the accepted; and in Texas great numbers essay the path which leads to publicity.  It is especially a newspaper State.  Almost every little County Town, which could properly about pay the promiscuous expenses of a Printers Devil, (we intend no profanity,) gets up a public Journal with a pretentious title, and the affair goes on with great vim for a few months—languishes, changes hands—a new aspirant for fame; perhaps two or three successively, conduct it onward to its inevitable goal—it languishes again and expires.  After awhile the establishment is sold out, goes to some new locality, hitherto untouched by the tempter, and again the same play is performed, until the types wear out, and the natural death ensues—a finality.
            All our County Towns have a passion for a Printing office.  It is in itself a commendable passion; but sometimes premature in its development.
            No one County in the State, unless it has an important commercial centre, is sufficient to maintain a respectable printing establishment.  By this, we do not say that an establishment of this sort may not succeed in an unimportant village; but if it does, it must be from superior energy and capacity combined on the part of its conductor, or some extrinsic advantages of neighborhood.  The county proper, in which it is situated must be wealthy and populous, and pleased with its representative Journal, or it cannot sustain it.  We state this because the suggestion is frequently made in our hearing, that some very small town, in some sparsely settled County, is a good situation for the maintenance of a public Journal.
            The Standard, we feel gratified to be able to say, derives its support largely from other Counties than Red River.  The legal advertising of most other counties is cut off from it by the Statutes, but its voluntary support by subscription and commercial advertising is seldom diminished by the establishment of other Journals.  Its profits for the last two years have been greater than at any time previous.  It loses subscribers occasionally, in some localities, and gains them in others.—The hazardous experiment of raising its price two years since, seemed to promise a diminution; but nevertheless, was absolutely necessary, to put it at a paying standard, comparative with the rise in the price of labor, and of all domestic products.  A very few subscribers dropped off, here and there, and many of those have returned.  The paper cannot be published at less, and afford a reasonable remuneration.  No secular paper in the State, of its size, is published at less, or ought to be.  We cannot do in the country, as city papers do, issue papers at less than cost, depending on enormous advertising custom, at enormous charges, for remuneration.  Every New York Tribune or Herald issued, costs more for labor, paper and type, than the amount charged for it; but then this is compensated by immense advertising custom at ten and fifteen times more price than any paper in Texas charges for its advertisements.
            Ordinary advertisements in the Weekly Tribune cost $1,25 a line each insertion—for advertisements under special head $1,50 a line.  We get $1,00 for ten lines the first time, and fifty cents for each continuation; for long terms less than half that.  Upon this basis, these cheap papers divide among stockholders a large amount annually; the Tribune near $100,000 per annum.  We state this, to show our readers that papers cannot be published so cheaply here as in large cities.  But then it is in the highest degree important that respectable organs of communication, and advocate of political and social interests should be maintained, for a service that journals at a distance could not perform, if they would, for the dwellers in each locality—remote from the great political and commercial centres.  And so, we outside barbarians have to charge for our services pro rata as all those around us do, with reference to the cost to us of production, and the cost of all we have to eat and wear.
            To day a newspaper at Texas prices is the cheapest article produced in the State, by joint action of brains and labor.  Those domestic products which require little brain work, command better prices than the newspaper.  The farmer wants $8 per hundred for flour, and $1 per bushel for potatoes and corn.  In Illinois where the newspaper is worth $1,50 per annum—paper and labor much cheaper to the publisher than here—corn and potatoes are worth 15 to 20 cents per bushel, flour about $250 [sic] per hundred.  In which State does the publisher get most for his money.  It is always right to look at both sides of a question, demanding solution upon grounds of propriety.
            The STANDARD will be published as heretofore; will be pleased to visit all who desire its presence; especially all those old friends with whom it has long held converse; will as heretofore endeavor to be always frank, rational, and entirely disregardful of consequences in the elucidation of a TRUTH, ethical or political; will endeavor to set aside all prejudice, and deal fairly with its readers, as its editor endeavors to deal with himself—avoiding as far as practicable, self delusions, and careful in the effort not to mislead others.
            Politics, as heretofore known, we presume, are to be regarded only as of the past.  In any new government which may be formed, or in any reconstruction of the old, we would advocate strict construction of fundamental law; economy; and the avoidance of the exercise of all doubtful powers.  We would do this, as most safe, regardless of political definement, by arbitrary titles.  We hope always to assist good men in good objects.  We always hope to inculcate in so far as we have power, self-abnegating patriotism, public and private integrity, morality and conservation; refinement of mind and manner; purity of principles, expression and conduct.
            We regard the Press as the proper active agent of much good.  It is the regulator of the civilized world; it gives tone, either boldly or sinuously, to all public expression and nearly all private feeling.  It is the great feeder of the public mind.  How important that what it imparts should be wholesome?  not merely honest and heart felt, but well informed, well considered, and well expressed.
            We are pleased to feel that our constant aim to do well, commands the approval and support of many readers in all Northern Texas; some of them fellow wayfarers through the eighteen years since the Standard was first thrown to the breeze, upon the plains of old Red River.  We have them in our mind's eye and treasure them as brothers.  Our heart is with them wherever they may be—true friends that have never flagged, but always been present at the roll call.  These, we do not count among the mass who take a paper as they buy a horse; (with a clear right to do so;) but in most cases, as old warm friends, with whom there is a fraternity beyond dollars and cents; who are something more than casual readers of our lucubrations; but with whom we are connected by the electric chain of sympathy—who think with us, and feel with us.
            Gentlemen—readers!  we raise our hat to you, and tender a most courteous salutation.—May the year of which but a few days have elapsed, be wholly pleasant to you and yours—winding onward, a silver stream of uninterrupted enjoyment; and in your course may no trailing willows or funereal cypresses line the banks; but only odorous shrubs, and trees whose products are fruits and flowers. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], January 19, 1861, p. 2, c. 7
            Mr. Enoch Marple has sold the "Mt. Pleasant Union" to Mr. J. A. Carpenter, who continues its publication. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], January 26, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
            We are indebted to Senator Hemphill, for seed of White Addas, for which we are much obliged. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], January 26, 1861, p. 2, c. 2

From the Frontier.

            From the White Man of the 27^th, we clip the following paragraphs:
            RANGERS.—Our town has been crowded during the present week with independent rangers.  They have come from almost every section of the State.  Other companies have gone out by different routes.
            We have no definite idea of the number now in the field, it being variously estimated from 250 to 700.
            Capt. Peter Garland had an animating chase after a party of Indians in Palo Pinto County last week.  His company pressed them so closely that they disposed of their robes to facilitate their flight, and took shelter in a dense mountain cedar brake.
            PRINCELY.—Upon the arrival of the provisions and munitions forwarded for the benefit of the Frontier, [by the ladies of Houston,] at Dallas, the kind ladies of the latter place generously provided a most sumptuous supper, for the purpose of raising means for the immediate transportation to the point of destination.
            Every where in the State the ladies have made princely contributions toward the relief of the suffering Frontier people, they have nobly responded by their means in alleviating the miseries of others.
            This open handed generosity will prove an incentive to many to persevere in defending their firesides.
            Capt. Alexander and Company, from Red River County, arrived in town this morning, en route for Lost Valley.  This company is composed of fine looking gentlemen, well armed, and mounted on superb horses.  May success crown the efforts of these gallant men.
            DONATIONS FROM BELOW.—Just as we go to press, we learn that the express wagons containing the donations from Galveston, Houston and Dallas, will arrive within a few hours.  From here the supplies will be promptly forwarded, and thankfully received by the men in Camp. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], January 26, 1861, p. 4, c. 1
            How to Retain a Handsome Face.—A correspondent of the Home Journal has some good ideas on the importance of mental activity for retaining a good face.  He says:
            We were speaking of handsome men the other evening, and I was wondering why K. had so lost the beauty for which five years ago he was so famous.  "Oh, it is because he never did anything," said B., "he never worked, thought, or suffered.  You must have the mind chiseling way at the features, if you want handsome middle-aged men."  Since hearing that remark I have been on the watch to see whether it is generally true, and it is.—A handsome man who does nothing but eat and drink, grows flabby, and the fine lines of his features are lost; but the hard thinker has an admirable sculptor at work, keeping his fine lines in repair, and constantly going over his face to improve the original design." 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], February 2, 1861, p. 4, c. 1
            The Alexandria Gazette says that the mills for the manufacture of cloth in Virginia have orders to fill, that will keep them busy until May next.  The demand is from all parts of the South, and from New Orleans there are large orders for "Virginia homespun." 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], February 9, 1861, p. 2, c. 1
            We again issue on paper of inferior size.  The large supply which we had hoped would come upon the last rise, is, we suppose at Fulton; as we are told that the Moro put out her freight there, and returned with a load of cotton.
            This system of taking freight for Rowland or above, and leaving it below, without any provision for forwarding, is one that will have to be stopped by a few actions for damages.  We have a little shipment of provisions, started from New Orleans on the 6^th of December.  The boat brought them to Laynesport several weeks ago; got a load of cotton and started back—came again on the last rise to Hawkins' just below Laynesport, got cotton and went back.  No want of water.  Probably had no freight to bring her further up, but could have provided for forwarding by another boat which did come up.
            Upper Red River has long been victimized by steamboat captains and owners.  They escape penalties, because the trouble of suit is frequently not warranted by the amount in controversy. 

Skips to February 23, 1861 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], February 23, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
            For the past three weeks we have been unable to make full issues of The Standard, from scarcity of paper; and such of our subscribers as have not been served in consequence, will have the proper number made up to them.  We have supplied nearly all the offices in Red River, Bowie, Titus, Lamar and Fannin—no others.
            Our long delayed paper, we heard on Tuesday last, had been sunk on the steamer Moro, near the Spanish Bluffs.  We went down to Mill Creek that night on the stage, and the next morning to Laynesport in Arkansas, on a Pony propeller.  We satisfied ourself that the deck freight of the Moro had been taken up by the Era, so we returned, and found that the long looked for had arrived at Rowland a few hours after we left. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 2, 1861, p. 1, c. 6
                                                                                                            From the Mobile Advertiser.

The Flag of the South.

            We anticipate that the selection of an appropriate pattern of flag for the standard of the South will be attended with a vast deal of controversy.  The Legislature of South Carolina was busied for two or three weeks in deciding upon the pattern even of a State banner, a comparatively unimportant affair; unless indeed South Carolina does not intend to honor the other States with her association in the Confederacy.  Her cavalier treatment of the Virginia Commissioners would seem to indicate that she intends to be exceedingly choice in the selection of her company, and the result may be that the other States will be so choice in their selections that she will either have to come in as they may dictate or stay out in the cold.  This is no time, we submit, for a Southern State to give the cold shoulder to a sister, and injuriously repel her because she is not just yet prepared to take exactly the same view of matters.  The other Southern States should be conciliated and coaxed to come to those which have taken their final position, for such course is more auspicious of results than the attempt to dragoon.  But we are wandering from our purpose.
            South Carolina has finally disposed of a weighty matter, and adopted her style of flag.  It is "blue, with a golden palmetto, upright, upon a white oval in the center, and a white crescent in the upper flagstaff corner."  This is a pretty enough State banner, and South Carolina may think it just the thing for a national flag, accounting herself to be the hub of the nation.  But its emblems are of merely local significance, and it has no grandeur and comprehensiveness of design to render it a suitable national banner.  The "star," dear to all of us of these States, is excluded, and also the crimson hue, which is one of the colors we have always fought under.
            We are an ardent advocate of the Southern Cross pattern, and fancy we already feel a patriotic devotion to it.  It is grand and simple, and would be the most gorgeous banner which flouts the air in any clime, not excepting the St. George's Cross of England.  The cross is the Christian emblem, and we are a Christian people; and the "Southern Cross" is significant of our designation as "The South," and of our sunny latitude.  The flag should be of rich crimson, the cross of blue, the short arm running entirely across perpendicularly, and the long arm the entire length horizontally—the blue field of the broad cross blazoned with the white stars of as many States as acknowledge the flag their national standard.  This would constitute the magnificent—no calico pattern work about it—and commanding the attention and the admiration, if not the sympathy and respect, as we trust it will, however, of Christian peoples everywhere.  It retains all the colors of the lately loved flag of the late Union.  The "revenue flag" could bear a short-armed crossed, not reaching the margins.  The "union jack" could be simply a blue flag with the stars studding it in the shape of the cross, with no crimson in it.  Let the "Southern Cross" be the flag of the South.  Will not some one get up a large and splendid specimen of this flag after the above pattern, to show how it looks? 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 2, 1861, p. 1, c. 7

The Late Lola Montez.

            The last moments of Lola Montez offered a singular contrast to her earliest career.  For some time she had been very ill at Astoria, L. I., and professed the heartiest penitence for the manner in which her life had been spent.  About four weeks ago Rev. Dr. Hawks was requested to call on her, and did so.  He found her with her Bible open to the story of the Magdalen, and she expressed to her visitor her sincere anxiety in regard to her further welfare.  At the same time she was hopeful—"I can forget my French, my German, my everything," she said, "but I cannot forget Christ."
            Before she died she purchased the little plot in Greenwood, where she is now buried.  On her coffin was a plate, with the simple inscription:

MISS ELIZA GILBERT,
Died January 17, 1861,
Aged 42 years.

            The name of Lola Montez, by which she was the best known, was assumed when she went on the stage at Paris, professing to be a Spanish dancer.  She subsequently adopted this name whenever she appeared in public.—Her last appearance was at a lecture at Mozart Hall, a year or so ago, when she was listened to by a large and highly-intelligent audience.
            Mr. Gilbert, Mrs. Heald, Countess Landsfeldt, Lola Montez—by whatever of her numerous names she may be known—did not die in a state of utter dependence on friendly hospitality, as many supposed.  She had some money, three hundred dollars of which she has left to the Magdalen Society; the remainder, after paying off her just debts, is to go to charitable objects.
            The peculiar circumstances in which Lola Montez was placed, must be considered in viewing her career.  She was an illegitimate child, and early deserted by her mother.  She had talents, and decided to make use of them to get on in the world.  She was a Becky Sharp on a grand scale, only not quite as heartless as that imaginary character.  Her most eccentric actions were speedily reported, but her many acts of generosity, especially to poor literary people—and there are several of the class in New York who can testify to this—were known only to the recipients of her careless bounty.—New York Post. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 2, 1861, p. 2, c. 1

Odd Fellows' Celebration.

            Yesterday the Odd Fellows of our vicinity, assisted by a few members from Paris, and aided also, we believe, by the Masonic Fraternity, had a procession in regalia, an Oration, grand Supper, and a Ball.  The Oration was delivered by the Rev. M. Bradley, of Paris.—Much interest was excited by the whole affair. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 2, 1861, p. 2, c. 1
            The Lone Star Flag above our Office, flies gallantly to the breeze to-day; the birth day of the Independence of Texas. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 2, 1861, p. 4, c. 2
            Apple Bread.—A French officer has invented and practiced with success a method of making bread with common apples, very far superior to potato bread.  After having boiled one third of pealed apples, he bruised them, while quite warm, into two-thirds of flour, including the proper quantity of yeast and kneaded the whole without water, the juice of the fruit being sufficient.  When the mixture had acquired the consistency of paste, he put it into a vessel, in which he allowed it to raise for about twelve hours.  By this process he was enabled to obtain a very excellent bread, full of eyes, and extremely palatable and light. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 2, 1861, p. 4, c. 2
            Ladies Should Read Newspapers.—It is a great mistake in female education to keep a young lady's time and attention devoted to only the fashionable literature of the day.  If you would qualify her for conversation, you must give her something to talk about, give her education with the actual world and its transpiring events.  Urge her to read newspapers, and become familiar with the present character and improvement of our race.  History is of some importance, but the past world is dead, and we have little comparatively to do with it.  Let her have an intelligent conversation, concerning the mental, political, and religious improvements of our time.  Let the gilded annuals and poems on the centre table be kept a part of the time covered with journals.  Let the family—men, women and children—read the newspapers. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 1, c. 3

Address of
Miss M. B. Anderson,
Presenting a Flag to the Red River Rangers.
(Published by Request of the Company.)

            Gentlemen:--The recurrence of the birthday of the "Father of his country," has, for nearly seven-eighths of a century, filled the heart of every true patriot with the warmest emotions.
            In commemoration of one, unsurpassed among men for wisdom in council, patriotic endurance in adversity, consummate skill in military affairs,--a patriot without a stain on his escutcheon, and a devotee to civil and religious liberty—you have decided that this day should be celebrated, by the presentation of an Independence Flag.  Alas! that causes should have transpired, which render it imperative on every true Texian, to prepare for an arduous struggle in defence of the liberties and blessings we have so long enjoyed.
            Nearly twenty-five years ago, the noble-hearted patriots of this State, a band but few in number, threatened with annihilation, unless they submitted to laws enacted in violation of the confederation of the Republic of Mexico, renounced their allegiance to Mexico, and pledged their lives, fortunes, and sacred honor, to maintain their civil and religious rights.—Long had they borne the hand of oppression; but the time had arrived when submission could no longer be endured, and they were forced to the last resort of freemen in defence of liberty.  Once and again had the original compact, entered into by the States of Mexico, after her successful struggle for release from the Spanish yoke, been violated; and the freeborn sons of liberty, who had become citizens of Texas, resolved no longer to submit to the thralldom of vacillating tyranny.  Her armies were victorious, and she took her place among the nations of the earth, as a free and independent Republic.  In 1845 she merged her nationality into that of the United States, and became a member of the North American confederation.
            Long ere this the fanaticism of the North was waging a bitter war against the South and Southern institutions.  Their hatred was deadly; their jealousy of the prosperity of the South was diabolical; the artful wily cunning with which they concocted and matured their plans to accomplish their fiendish purposes, met with the warmest supporters at the bar, in the pulpit, and in the halls of legislation; and in many States of the Confederacy have laws been passed in direct violation of the Constitution of the United States, and in the face of the decision of the highest court of judicature in the land.
            In the election of the Black Republican Lincoln, pledged as he is to his party, to carry out plans most inimical to the interests of the South, the South has no other honorable course to pursue, than to withdraw from a compact into which she entered, or submit to the trampling under foot of her dearest rights.  We, ere another sun shall have sunk beneath the western horizon, will prove by the suffrage of a free and independent, though much wronged people, that we are determined no longer to continue in a Union which is now as odious as it was once glorious.  Ten thousand times rather death, than fanaticism and tyranny.  Soon, Texas, by the vote of the Convention to be assembled at the Capitol, will be again a sovereign and independent Republic.
            Gentlemen!  in the name of the Ladies who prepared this Flag, permit me now to offer it for your acceptance.   You may, according to the signs of the times, soon be called on to unfurl it at the head of your Company, when going forth to fight in defence of your country's rights.  Let it never be stained with dishonor; let it never wave in an ignoble cause; let true hearts and bold hands protect.
                                    "Then conquer you must,
                                    Since your cause it is just,
                                    And this be your motto—
                                    'In God is our trust.'"
            If the frenzy of the North shall compel you to take up arms to fight for heaven-born liberty, and your sacred rights, you will be engaged in a noble and glorious cause.  You will be fighting for a country unsurpassed in God's creation for the fertility of its soil, the beauty of its landscapes, the rich variety of its products of mines and minerals—in its navigable streams, and its proximity to the ocean—rendering it capable of being made a mart for the commerce of the world.  In extent, it is capable of becoming an empire among kingdoms, having within itself the sources of unbounded luxury and wealth.  Then, if fight you must, remember!  there is much at stake, and much will be required of you.  Remember you will be accompanied by the prayers and best wishes of innumerable friends and kindred.  Let the patriotic words of Lord Nelson to his men, before the battle of Trafalgar, be adopted by yourselves, and engraven on your hearts:  "Texas expects every man to do his duty."
                                    That banner with the single star,
                                                Is freedom's favored sign—
                                    Beneath its unpolluted folds
                                                Her brightest glories shine;
                                    And in the whirlwind and the storm,
                                                Amid the crash and jar,
                                    Her brightest hope still rests upon,
                                                That solitary star. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 1, c. 3
            Effect of Smoking on the Intellect.—In the September number of the London Pharmaceutic Journal for 1860, it is stated that, on dividing the pupils of the Polytechnic School of Paris into smokers and non-smokers, it is shown that the smokers have proved themselves in the various competitive examinations far inferior to the others.  Not only in the examinations on entering the schools are the smokers a lower rank, but in the various ordeals they have to pass through in a year the average rank of the smokers has constantly fallen, and not inconsiderably, when the men who did not smoke enjoyed a cerebral atmosphere of the clearest kind. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
            There will be a public debate at the Court House, on Thursday evening next.—Question—Resolved, that Superstition has exercised a greater evil influence over mankind than Ambition.  The attendance of the ladies respectfully invited. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 2, c. 5

Plant Grain.

            The planting season is here.  Our people should all understand this is a season in which corn for food for man and horse, and all grains that will fatten hogs are likely to be important.  Food in times of war, and war we may have, though we hope not—food is most important.  We cannot clearly see that cotton can depreciate much, except for brief periods, seasons of blockade perhaps; but to make a short crop, at any time in the past ten years, would have been the best possible policy, if there had been any way to induce unanimity of action by the Planters.  If we make plenty to eat, both of breadstuffs and meat, we cannot suffer.  Clothing can be made at home, not merely the garments, but the fabric.  If our exports are to be interfered with, it would be better to divert our industry into channels for which there will be outlet near home. . . . 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 3, c. 1
            The Pelican Repudiated.—But a few short weeks ago the people of the sovereign state of Louisiana, being convinced that the great American Eagle was about to be taught some dirty tricks, repudiated that time-honored national bird, and inaugurated the Pelican, declaring that they owed their allegiance to that aquatic fowl alone.  To be "sound on the pelican" was the highest praise; to believe in him was to be most orthodox, and to disbelieve in even the little pelicans in the nest was the rankest heresy.  But no sooner said and done, than presto!  change!  the glorious Pelican is declared to be "nasty" and "cowardly"—not fit to be placed upon our standard, and forthwith he is flouted, scouted and routed.  "Oh, you obscene bird!" cries one.  "You don't feed your young, as the poets say, but gobble down all the fish and frogs yourself," says another.  "You don't protect your little ones," exclaims a third, "but run away on the first approach of danger, and leave them to their fate."  "And therefore we repudiate your, and kick you, and spit upon you; and hiss at you, cut your acquaintance generally, you ugly, cowardly, ill-mannered villain—and won't have your nasty 'phiz' on our flag;" say the people of Louisiana, in convention assembled.  And the Pelican is driven into ignominious exile, back into his native haunts, while the "red, white and blue" (and yellow,) is waved in triumph, and demands and receives our allegiance.—R. R. Alluvian. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 3, c. 2

Disunion!  Disunion!!

            A. J. P. Rafferty is prepared to attend to planting gardens, and cultivation of Flowers, at all times.
            The best of reference given.
            Also, has 5,000 Foreign Plants, which he will sell for cash.
            Can be found at Mrs. Donoho's tavern.
            All orders in the country particularly attended to.
            March 8^th, 1861.                                                                     no.8—tf. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 4, c. 2
            Scarlet stockings, a la Zouave, are affected by the women of Buffalo, New York. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 9, 1861, p. 4, c. 2

Man's Duty to Woman.

            Let him learn to be grateful to woman for this undoubted achievement of her sex, that it is she—far more than he, and she too often in despite of him—who has kept Christendom from lapsing back into barbarism—kept mercy and truth from being utterly overborne by these two greedy monsters money and war.  Let him be grateful for this, that almost every great soul that has led forward or lifted up the race, has been furnished for each nobler deed, and inspired with each patriotic and holy inspiration, by the retiring fortitude of some Spartan or more than Spartan—some christian mother.  Moses, the deliverer of his people, drawn out of the Nile by the king's daughter, some one has hinted, is only a symbol of the way that woman's better instincts always outwit the tyrannical diplomacy of man.  Let him cheerfully remember, that though the sinewy sex achieves enterprizes on public theatres, it is the nerve and sensibility of the other than arm the mind, and inflame the soul in secret.  "A man discovered America, but a woman equipped the voyage."  So everywhere man executed the performance, but woman trains the man.  Every effectual person, leaving his mark on the world, is but another Columbus, for whose furnishing some Isabella, in the form of his mother, lays down her jewelry, her vanity, her comfort.  Above all, let not man practice on woman the perpetual and shameful falsehood of pretending admiration and acting contempt.  Let them not exhaust their kindness in adorning her person, and ask in return the humiliation of her soul.  Let them not assent to her every high opinion as if she were not strong enough to maintain it against opposition; nor yet manufacture opinion for her and force it on her lips by dictation.  Let them not crucify her emotions, nor ridicule her frailty, nor crush her individuality, nor insult her independence, nor play mean jests upon her honor in convivial companies, nor bandy unclean doubts of her, as a wretched substitute for wit; nor whisper vulgar suspicions of her purity, which as compared with their own, is like the immaculate whiteness of angels.  Let them remember that for the ghastly spectacle of her blasted chastity, they are answerable.  Let them multiply her social advantages, enhance her dignity, minister to her intelligence, and by manly gentleness, be the champions of her genius, the friends of her fortunes, and the equals, if they can of her heart.—Rev. F. D. Huntingdon. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 1, c. 3

A Flag for Louisiana.

            Mr. Elgee, of Rapides, on behalf of the Special Committee appointed to report upon a flag for Louisiana, submitted the following ordinance:
            We, the people of Louisiana, in Convention assembled do ordain and establish, That the flag of the State of Louisiana shall consist and be composed of thirteen horizontal stripes, of the colors hereinafter described, and to be disposed in the following order, commencing from the upper line or edge of the flag, to-wit; the first stripe blue; second, white; third, red; fourth, white; fifth, blue; sixth, white; seventh, red; eighth, white; ninth, blue; tenth, white; eleventh, red; twelfth, white; and the thirteenth or bottom stripe blue.
            We do further ordain and establish, That there shall be in the upper or chief corner of the flag a square field, the color whereof shall be red, and the sides thereof equal to the width of seven stripes; and that in the centre of said field there shall be a star of due proportionate size, having five points or rays; and that the color of the said star shall be a pale yellow.
            We do further ordain and establish, That the said flag, and no other, shall be the national flag of the State of Louisiana.

Unfurling of the Flag.

            The committee, having had a large flag made according to the above description, and having it furled and prepared with tackle to hoist and unfurl, in the hall, at the proper time, the flag was hoisted and displayed, immediately after the reading of the ordinance, before the Convention and the spectators.  The Convention viewed it in silence, whilst the people in the lobby and galleries greeted it with the most enthusiastic applause.

Mr. Elgee Explains the Flag.

            Mr. Elgee then stated he would give the reasons of the Committee for deciding upon this flag, and did so in the following language:
            The first impression of the committee was that it would not meet the favor of the Convention or the people, were the device of the Pelican to be rejected.
            On consultation, and especially with those descended from the ancient colonists of the country, the committee found that what has been considered the symbol of Louisiana, commands neither their favor nor their affection.  The pelican is in form unsightly, habits filthy, in nature cowardly.
            Audubon says that "the females, through [sic] quiet and gentle on ordinary occasions, are more courageous than the males!"
            Again, he says:  "Its habits are so impure I should be sorry to have it near me for a pet."
            The story of feeding its young, it is hardly necessary to say, is mythical.
            The attention of the committee was called to the flags of other countries, as well as to our late national ensign, and we found with hardly an exception, no device was worn, except on what might be called the royal or imperial standards.  And perhaps there is good reason to be found in this:  that a device painted on a flag soon becomes effaced, whereas one composed of bunting simply, will last as long as the material.
            Discarding, then, the idea of retaining any symbol or device of the birds or beasts, our attention was directed to see if we could not weave into a flag, symbols and colors familiar to the people, and endeared by a thousand recollections.  The gorgeous ensign of the once "great Republic" lay at our feet; its stripes were defaced; its stars had disappeared, which had borne our name from the ice ribbed shores of the great Northern sea to the very verge of the Southern pole.  Let us, we said, with one accord, retain these stripes; for however discord, dissension and frenzied hate may have torn the country asunder, still the memory of the "old thirteen still lives."  Their struggles, their trials, and the crowning achievement of their labors, shall live while civilization lasts in the memory of the philosopher, the statesman, the philanthropist and the Christian; and can only be forgotten when we cease to turn with affectionate reverence to the calm and wise counsels of him, who still, I would fain believe, is "first in the hearts of his countrymen."
            We dedicate, therefore, our thirteen stripes to the memory of those whose unconquerable love of freedom, has taught us this day, how peacefully to vindicate our rights and protect our liberties.
            We could not forget, too, that another race, bold, warlike and adventurous, had planted the first colony of white men on the shores of Louisiana.  The name of our State, that of our city, nay, even the roll call of the Convention each morning, as it summoned us to our duties, bade us, remember that some tribute was due to the children and descendants of the founders of the colony—the blue white and red; emblems of Hope, Virtue and Valor—we dedicate to the memory of those who first on this soil laid the foundation of empire.
            And yet still another nation and another race remain, who equally demanded a place in a flag intended to be national.
            If to France we are indebted for the foundation of the colony, let us not forget that Spain built up the structure.  Its mild and paternal rules are even yet spoken of amongst the older inhabitants, whilst the great body of our laws stand this day a monument of its wisdom.  To the children of Spain we dedicate the colors of red and yellow, to be found in the field, and in the star sprung from three nationalities, the star of Louisiana has arisen to take her place in the political firmament.
            Whilst to all united, we present a flag which shows that, whether it be at the last hour of dissolution or the dawning of a new era, there is one word which no American can utter without feeling—that word is Union.
            What the future fortunes of this flag may be, is of course known alone to Him who holds in his hands the destinies of nations.  Should the violence of enemies force us to the battlefield, may it be found, as of old, in the foremost ranks of the conflict—but our mission is that of peace and brotherhood.  So let me, as I consign the emblem of our nationality, speak aloud the wish dearest to my heart, that it now and forever may wave over a peaceful, a happy, a united, an independent Louisiana.
            The flag and ordinance were submitted to vote, and adopted unanimously by the Convention. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 1, c. 5

Going to Bed.

            A Philosophical View.—The following is from the pen of B. F. Taylor, of the Chicago Journal:
            Some fling off their garments as if they wore the shirt of Nessus—was't [sic] that his name?  and were particularly anxious to get at it.  Here whirls a vest in one corner—its contents jingling to the floor, as it lies.  There goes a boot ricochet.  The stockings inside out; the hapless coat hangs by its skirt to a nail, and the bed is attained with a bound.  Pillows tumbled this way and that; the feet are inserted between the sheets, and, like a shuttle through a loom, down goes the body; one arm is flung under the head; lower jaw and eyelids droop together, and the man is asleep—asleep all over—asleep for all night.
            Another goes tetering [sic] about on his toes.  He puts his watch here, his coat there, and his vest there.  His boots stand side by side, like a brace of grenadiers; the tips of his stockings peep out sympathetically to the top; and if it be winter, he lingers upon the bed's edge like one about to take a bath—dreading, yet desiring, and finally steals into bed by degrees, draws the quilt and the counterpane over his head, and is motionless—is gone—arrives in the land of Nod.
            If one thinks of it, sleep, in a great city, is a queer thing.  Think of fifty thousand in this city all sleeping at once.  Fifty thousand, in tiers one, two, three, four, five deep from cellar to garret.  Fifty thousand in rows a mile long.  Ten thousand in red nightcaps, tasseled and untasseled.  Ten thousand in dingy ones that were white, Mondays and Mondays ago.  Five thousand in silken ones.  Some edged beautifully, some hemmed with a sail needle, and some uncapped altogether, with locks dishevelled and ruffled like "quills upon the fretful porcupine."
            Five thousand snoring alto—five thousand snoring bass.  Twenty thousand under calico.  A hundred or so beneath silk.  Some weeping—some smiling in their dreams—others dreamless as the grave.  Ringlets twisted up in cigar-lighters—tresses streaming over the pillow—no tresses at all.
            Even asleep, humanity preserves its peculiarities.  Even in dreams, men are distinctive still. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 1, c. 5

A Very Modest Suggestion.

            We notice in the papers a great many suggestions made for a design for a national flag, but none for a seal, for the Confederated States of the South.
            As every state would expect, of course, to have her sovereignty represented thereon, by the adoption of some part, at least, of her "coat of arms," we submit the following for the consideration of the "proper authorities."
            A map of Alabama spread upon the ground, with the South Carolina palmetto tree growing up through the centre of it, and on the top thereof an eagle, (representing the four states of Mississippi, Arkansas, Florida and Maryland,) sitting, and in the act of feeding the lone star of Texas to a disconsolate young pelican, on the map below.  The goddess of Liberty, (in deference to the state seals of Arkansas and North Carolina,) with her right foot and liberty-rod firmly and sternly planted on the tail of the young pelican, speaking through a horn of plenty the well-known Virginia motto, "Sic semper Tyrannis," to two Missouri bears, which occupy the other side of the seal, and are hugging each in true Kentucky style.  The whole to be surmounted by the constitutional arch of Georgia, supported to the right and left by the pillars of wisdom and moderation.  On the top of the arch the Delaware cow harnessed to a Tennessee plough, sedately chewing her cud—a bundle of Tennessee wheat.  And underneath the whole, the "patriotic" Latin motto, "Multum in Parvo."
            This could give offence to none, every Southern State seal being represented in part; and it would be "very conspicuous at a distance," as some of the men say of their flags.—Red River Alluvion. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 1, c. 6-7

Courting by Telegraph.

            Everybody knows that for the last few years, telegraph companies in England have employed females, in the instrument department, of some of their principal stations.  The work is light and clean, and very well adapted for young ladies.  Most of them acquire the art of telegraphing in a very short time, and there are now, in the service, many who are able to send and receive messages as well as the best of the male staff.  Young ladies are much the same everywhere, and it would, of course, be next to impossible for them to remain any length of time in a room, without desiring to hold a fair amount of conversation.  As the nature of their employment demands, that for the greater part of the time they are at the office they must sit at the instrument to which they are appointed, they cannot very well hold conversation with their companions.  So when a circuit happens to be slack, the young lady who has charge of it, finds a great deal of relief in speaking to the clerks at the other end of the wire.  After I had been some time in the service, and was supposed to be thoroughly acquainted with the work, I was appointed to a station which I do not wish to be known by any other name than Merton.  After I had introduced myself to those who were to be my fellow clerks, I took possession of the instrument appropriated to me, and, as usual, inquired the name of the lady with whom I was to work.  Quick as thought, I received the answer, "Amy Watson.  Who are you?"  Having given my name and the station from which I had come, we entered into conversation upon general subjects, such as the weather, descriptions of different towns through which we had passed, etc.  I soon found that in addition to being an excellent hand at telegraphing, my fair correspondent was very entertaining in conversation; and it was easy to discover from the way in which she acted during a press of business, that she was of a very amiable disposition.—These conversations went on for some time, till at length I was miserably dull when away from the instrument, and always eager to discharge as quickly as possible, those duties which occasionally called me away, so that I might return to speak to Amy.  I was most anxious to see the being who exercised such an influence over me, and at length, after much persuasion, and having obtained the consent of her widowed mother, we exchanged portraits.  If I was in love before, I was doubly so now.  Having obtained the likeness, I was more eager than ever to see the original.  To hear the sound of her voice—which I was sure, from the expression of her face in the portrait, was soft and sweet—to see her smile on me, and to gaze into her large, bright, blue eyes, seemed to me the objects most to be desired of any in the world.  I applied for and obtained, leave of absence for a fortnight, and instantly proceeded to N_____.  We met; and everything that I had pictured was as naught compared to the beauty and amiability of the original.  Before I left, we were engaged to be married; and three months afterward, having obtained, through the kindness of my superior officer, a transfer from Merton to N_____, Amy Watson changed her name for mine.—Since then we have lived happily, for we are still lovers, and have never had cause to regret that the principal part of our love making was by telegraph. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
[The illustration of the flag of the United States with liberty cap has been changed to a five-pointed star] 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
            The Herald & Gazette, at Jefferson, has changed hands lately; Messrs. Walker & Kirby now appearing as editors; and on Wednesday night we received No. 1 Vol. 1 of a new paper, the Star State Jeffersonian; James A. Warner editor; Tom. P. Ochiltree assistant.  The Jeffersonian is a neat looking sheet of respectable size, and its senior editor, as we understand is a veteran in the ranks.  We hope both papers may do well. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 16, 1861, p. 2, c. 3

The Change.

            The State of Texas having resumed her sovereignty; the act being complete, there can be no propriety in the continuance of the Standard of the late Union at our editorial head.  We therefore make a change conforming to the change of circumstances, by which, as a citizen of Texas we are necessarily and willingly governed.  It is not with pleasure that we furl the old flag, though we have done it before; and in 1836, sailed a few days, under the white red and green, of the Constitutional party of Mexico; and subsequently under the Lone Star, which we raise to day to the head of our paper. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 23, 1861, p. 3, c. 1
            A correspondent writes as follows:
            "I had stepped in to purchase some little articles, when my attention was directed to an old lady who was examining a piece of calico.  She pulled it this way and that, as if she would tear it to pieces, held it up to the light in different positions, spat on a corner and rubbed it between her fingers, as if to try if the colors were good; she then stood a little while, seemingly not entirely satisfied.  At last she cut off a piece with the clerk's scissors, and handing it to a tall gawky looking girl, about sixteen, standing beside her, said:  "Here Liz Jane, you take'n chaw that, 'n see if 't fades."  And Liz Jane put it in her mouth and dutifully went to work." 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 23, 1861, p. 3, c. 1
            The Hodges brought up on Sunday last, 500 muskets for our volunteer companies.  They were obtained from the Baton Rouge Arsenal by General Rodgers, and are now ready for distribution.—Jeffersonian. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 30, 1861, p. 1, c. 5
            The Flag of the Confederate States.  Mr. Howard, of the firm of Howard & Buchardt, showed us this morning a neat silken model of the Flag of the Confederate States of America; originated by the Congressional Committee, and adopted unanimously.  It is as follows:
            Blue union, with seven white stars; three horizontal stripes, red, white and red.  The first red and white extending from the union to the end of the flag, and the lower red stripe extending the whole length of the flag, occupying the whole space below the union.  The stripes are all of equal width.
            The new flag was hoisted on the Capitol at Montgomery, on the 4^th inst.—Galveston News. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 30, 1861, p. 1, c. 6

Central Park Skaters.

            The New York correspondent of the Utica Herald, thus discourses upon the lady skaters:
            "There was one large matron, wearing a thin double-skirted silk dress, in which the wind played fantastic antics, who wore on her head a yellow "rigolet," and could not stand her skates an instant, who would fall down, dragging with her every available man and boy, and who would have looked better off the ice, but she was the only one.  There were others, swift as birds, graceful as swans.  There was one lady, most appropriately dressed in a fur bound basque, who gave us the very poetry of motion.  There was perfect harmony in her long drawn curves; something melodious as a dream in her swift-gliding grace.  There was another young creature, who darted hither and thither as if she had always lived on ice.—There was a perfect abandon in her sport; she was hilarious, yet utterly graceful, in her glee.  Slender and dainty footed as a fawn, her soft blue dress looped from a gray balmoral, wearing a black basquine and black velvet hat, with a pink rose in her hair, she flew over the ice—now circling in a waltz—now following her papa at the end of a shawl—now flying away with another in her arms, she could skate as well; wherever she went she was followed by hundreds of admiring eyes—the women praised her—and the gentlemen fell in love with her.—How eyes brightened with new beams, how the cheek of our japonicas bloomed with roses I can hardly tell.  What a passtime [sic] for metropolitan belles?  what a passtime [sic] for the people?  The Drive was full of carriages, and the Ramble was thronged with people—husbands and wives leading their children; gentlemen and ladies mounted on horseback, their plumes floating out in the blue air added to the picturesque beauty of the scene.  So much for our winter skating carnival." 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 30, 1861, p. 2, c. 3
                                                                                                        Fort Worth, February 18, 1861.
            Major DeMorse:
            In consideration of the deep interest, which you seemed to manifest, not only in behalf of a suffering frontier, but also of the little Red River Company upon its departure, I confess, that being one of that unfortunate band, I feel it a duty incumbent upon me, to post you briefly, and accurately as possible, upon our expedition, with its results.
            To begin, I may deem it useless to remind you of the season in which we started; as you are well aware of its critical nature.  Yes, you may recollect, it was the sad, gloomy, blustering month of February, but for this our little party cared not; we were aroused and urged by a feeling of sympathy to the rescue of our fellow man; to prevent the red face from satiating his long settled, deadly hate, and committing as we thought, and no doubt you firmly believed, this daily depredations; it was false, (the greater portion,) but before I shall undertake to correct the many and greatly exaggerated reports, which, like suspicious coin, is always kept in motion, until it wends its way to far off lands, there to gain in credence, I deem it necessary to give you a slight sketch of our travels, our route and our success.  I may then hope to have some sufficient grounds upon which to give a coloring to the workings of the frontier, as well as to throw some light upon the reports so spurious, which flow from it.  Our little band, led on by its gallant Capt. Alexander, soon found its way to Weatherford.  We arrived there on the 12^th of February, and upon inquiry found that one Mr. John R.  Baylor, had taken charge of the expedition; and he having charge of the provisions, so liberally contributed by the different counties, we were of course induced to sally forth to his outstretched wings, if not for protection, we will say, for provision.
            Our organization took place beyond Belknap upon the Brazos, near the round timbers; there the immortal and immaculate Baylor, received an overwhelming vote to enjoy the position of Col., this he did, without gain-saying, and on the 16^th of February, with his little band numbering 250, took up the line of march:  we traveled some distance up the Brazos, say 100 miles; we then crossed over on the Wichita; there the spies reported immense sign; we pressed our horses up that stream to its head, but to no purpose, we were not lucky enough to cope with the spies in finding sign, we then crossed over on Pease River, here we found an old Indian camp-ground; no fresh sign however.  We then traveled up that stream to its head; then crossed to the main fork of the Brazos; thence across to the head waters of Double Mountain fork of the Brazos; thence to the head waters of the clear Fork, and down that stream to camp Cooper; thus ends the campaign.  One word however, in regard to our success.  Our route, I believe, was a good one, if we were lost some of the time, and like many others, I am forced to believe that had we been led by a skillful Indian fighter, and an expert woodsman, that we have perhaps met with more success.  But such was not our fortune, the different Captains seemed to become more and more dissatisfied, and from Pease River on, the companies were daily dropping off.  When at the head of Clear Fork, we found the main Commanche [sic] trail, but our number had grown beautifully less, so much so that the men would not, nor could not think of following.  It went South West, towards the Colorado.  While many were a foot, the balance who had horses were so completely worn out that it was with much difficulty that they could get in.  We were six days in the Buffalo range, and no grass.  Capt. Conner after branching off and leaving Baylor, killed three Indians.  Mr. Baylor had a little skirmish with 5 Indians, but without success.  And right here I may as well confirm my statement in regard to the competency of our leader.  We were travelling in no order, and without spies.  We passed within 3 miles of the Indian camp, and stopped within 4 miles of them, near a beautiful lake on the head waters of the double mountain fork.  In the evening we were discovered, when Baylor with 4 men went up the valley, and made his desperate charge:  he routed them, he scouted them, nor lost, nor got a single man.  The warrior were well mounted, and very surreptitiously managed to rally, and diddle the Col. until the squaw and papoose could escape unharmed, leaving nought to mark their resting place, save three vacant tents, and chattels of no earthly value:  this I believe covers our success.  So much for the grand Buffalo hunt.
            But I promised to be brief; and if I may solicit your patience a few moments longer, I will touch briefly upon the sentiments now prevalent in the frontier country.  Firstly, there is not one third of the depredations committed, as represented; secondly, there is little or no excitement in this country; thirdly, they believe to a great extent, that mean white men are sole instigators of many wrongs; thus denouncing the Indian, and taking advantage of the Red man's credit; and they consider the best proof of their security, is the long and ardent searches, upon the main and only water courses, which, as yet, have been to no purpose.
            Major, I have given you truth, unvarnished, verbatim et literatim et seriatim; and promptly; through no other than a deep feeling of interest for your paper, and its readers.  I have every reason to believe that this feeble though truthful epistle, may meet your hearty approval.  I remain as every, yours
                                                                                                Respectfully,
                                                                                                            CLOUD, Ky.
            P. S.  Capt. Alexander, has received a commission to range 6 months under McCulloch, who has possession of all the outside forts with 100 men. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 30, 1861, p. 3, c. 1
            A Hard Crowd.—A dispatch in the Richmond Enquirer gives the following picture of the strangers who now abound at Washington:
            The inferior appearance, pinched and cunning features, and scanty wardrobes of the thousand visitors here, is the subject of general remark.  The conductors of the various railroad trains say, that on an average there is only one trunk to one hundred passengers.  The rest are supplied with carpet bags.  The hotels and boarding houses ask pay in advance.  The hackmen grumble at the meanness of visitors.  The barbers and bootblacks are momentarily asked for the loan of razors and brushes, without even receiving thanks in return; all of which painfully exhibits the difference between the new patrons and the princely Southerners. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], March 30, 1861, p. 4, c. 2
            A Drink for Invalids Who are Weak and Have a Cough.—Beat a fresh-layed egg, and mix it with a quarter of a pint of new milk warmed, a large spoonful of syrup or loaf sugar; the same of rose-water, and a little nut-meg; do not warm it after the egg is put in.  To be taken the first thing in the morning, and the last at night. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 6, 1861, p. 2, c. 4

New Paper.

            We are in receipt of a new paper published at Fort Smith, Arkansas, entitled The Fort Smith Southron.  Its typographical appearance is good, and its editorials indicate an earnest purpose to assist in carrying Arkansas into the Southern Confederacy, and an appreciation of the proper mode of doing it.
            We wish the paper full success in its immediate object in its permanent establishment. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 6, 1861, p. 2, c. 4

Public Debate.

            There will be a public debate at the Court House on Thursday evening next.  Question, Resolved, That Education contributes more to success in life, than native Genius.  Attendance of the Ladies respectfully invited. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 6, 1861, p. 2, c. 4
            We have received the "Sword of Gideon" extra, published at Waco, and devoted to saying sharp things against the late State Convention and the new Confederacy.  It has a dismal looking cut of a man hanging to a gallows, for Treason; and published under the cut Judge Frazer's definition of Treason.  Variety is the spice of reading as well as of life. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 6, 1861, p. 2, c. 4

Flag of the Confederate States.
[drawing of flag]

            It is composed of three stripes—the upper and lower red, and the middle white, with a blue union, containing a circle of seven stars; the union reaching down to the lower stripe. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 6, 1861, p. 2, c. 4
            Difficulty at Savannah.—The Savannah correspondent of the Augusta Dispatch, gives the following account of an insult to a British sea captain at Savannah.  The British Government will, of course, take cognizance of this affair:
            I guess it will not be long before a muss is kicked up in Savannah.  Yesterday an English Captain of a Liverpool bark was tarred and feathered, (cottoned,) by the "Rattle Snake" boys, for asking a colored stevedore to dine with him, and family.  His sable majesty accepted the invitation, and this fine old English "gentleman," refusing to permit his mate to dine with him, did his uttermost to render his guest comfortable and happy.  The "Rattle Snake" boys, not wishing to be thus eclipsed in gallantry, invited the captain ashore; whereupon they treated him with a genuine hospitality, one that he will ever appreciate and long remember. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 6, 1861, p. 2, c. 7
            The Flag of All Nations.  The Americans of Victoria, Australia, asked permission to erect a liberty-pole, to which they would put the star-spangled banner.  The request was immediately declined.  "Well," said the crowd, "let's raise a pole and stick the 'flag of all nations' upon it."  And so they did what they said they would do, and a petticoat waved from the liberty-pole! 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 13, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
            We are indebted to a fair neighbor, for some seed of the Mespilus Japonica, some Spanish Chestnuts, and Oranges.  Many thanks! 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 13, 1861, p. 2, c. 2

True Time.

            Our Watch-maker, Mr. Greenleaf, has received a DIAL, and set it, for the purpose of having uniformity of time.  Now, there will be one authority upon this subject generally recognized in the vicinage, and we shall be able to find some two watches indicating the passage of the hours alike. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 13, 1861, p. 2, c. 4
Summary:  Another account of the "Buffalo Hunt," by A. J. Eubank, 1^st Lt. Capt. Hood's Co., more supportive of Baylor 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 13, 1861, p. 2, c. 6
Summary:  Account of an Indian raid on the Frio River, posted from Laredo, March 8, 1861 to Austin, printed in the Galveston News. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 20, 1861, p. 1, c. 7

The Best Breed of Swine.

            "Agricola," who says he has had considerable experience with most if not all of the breeds now known in the West, talking of the best breeds, says in the Valley Farmer:
            First on the list, without hesitation, I place the Chester County White breed.  I have found hogs of this breed to be perfectly hardy, prolific breeders and good nurses; thriving well in our climate, and under our management attaining a weight from four to five hundred pounds with good treatment, at the age of from twelve to eighteen months, and being in fact all that could be desired of a hog.  They are quiet and peaceable, and good grazers, and fatten readily at any age you may desire.
            The next breed on the list I would place the recently imported Berkshire.  They fatten readily on a small amount of food, are good breeders, attain a good average size, and are a great improvement on the old imported stock; their color, black, is an objection, but this is only skin deep, and some think that black hogs are less liable to skin infections than white hogs.
            If the Suffolks had a little more hair, and the pigs were not quite so tender, they would strongly contest the first rank—we mean the last importations.  This breed has been greatly improved within a few years.  The crosses of this breed on the Irish graziers, and our common breeds, make a decided improvement.—The crosses will keep much fatter and mature earlier than the common breed, and an inexperienced person may go among a large herd of the same age, having the same care, and very readily pick out the half breed Suffolks by their being in much better condition.  The Essex are too poor breeders to raise as pure breed—but cross well on other large, coarse breeds.  But taking all things into consideration, it will be difficult to find a breed possessing more good traits for the Western men, than the Chester White.  And those who are raising hogs would find the cross of this breed of inestimable value.  It would increase their size, improve their form, hasten their maturity, and what is more important than all else, materially lessen the amount of food for a given number of pounds of pork.  This too would be the case with all the breeds mentioned—but none of the other breeds combine so many excellent qualities.—Prairie Farmer. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 20, 1861, p. 2, c. 2
            The following is an extract of a letter from Greenville, Hunt county, dated April 13^th, 1861:
            "Many of our young men are enlisting in the frontier defence.  The wheat crop is very promising; times getting a little easier. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 20, 1861, p. 2, c. 2

New Paper.

            We have received No. 1 Vol. 1 of the Shreveport Daily News, a neat little paper just issued by John Dickinson editor and proprietor, at $8 per year.  Success to enterprize.           

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 20, 1861, p. 2, c. 6
            Mr. Oscar Dalton, the well known proprietor of the Crockett Printer, died on Monday the 25^th ult. after a long illness.  He was a native of Baton Rouge, La. where he was born on the 22^nd of February, 1820.  He came to Texas as a volunteer in her army, in 1837, settling permanently in the State in 1840.—He started the "Printer" in 1853, and worked hard perseveringly to place it on a firm foundation, in which he was seconded by the labors of his family.  He wielded a sharp and ready pen, and was an excellent paragraphist.  About a year ago, he was shot, in a difficulty, a result of a virulent newspaper controversy between himself, and Mr. Hepperla, of the Crockett Argus, and his constitution being weak, received a shock from which it did not recover.  He was twice married, and leaves a widow and nine children to mourn his loss.
            The Printer, we see, is to be continued.
                                                                                                                        Gal. News. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 20, 1861, p. 2, c. 6
            Capital Coming South.—A few days ago four wealthy planters from Maryland, one owning a hundred slaves, passed through this place, on their way to Alabama, to purchase plantations, with the intention of settling in the Confederate States.—Rome, Georgia, Southerner. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 20, 1861, p. 3, c. 3

Photographic
Premium Pictures!
Made on Glass, or Sheet-Iron!!
Mr. E. T. Dudley,

One of the best practical operators in Sunlight Drawing, offers his services to the citizens of Clarksville, and vicinity, for a short time.
            All those wishing good and life-like Pictures, at low prices, will give him a call.
            I have just received a new lot of ambrotype stock, I can supply artists with anything in our line, cameras, head rests, cases, chemicals, &c.
            Rooms over Rhine's Store.
                                                                                                            No. 15—tf. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], April 27, 1861, p. 2, c. 7
Summary:  Another report of the "Buffalo Hunt" and Col. Baylor, by J. H. Gurley. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 4, 1861, p. 2, c. 2

Attack on Texas.

            It will be seen by the news from Indianola, that the U. S. troops encamped at Green Lake, took possession of that town on the 22d April, as we presume without opposition, and by surprise.  Before this, these intruders have been captured or laid in a heap.  No more time was necessary to accomplish their destruction of capture, than the shortest possible time in which our men could converge from the surrounding country.
            Troops are volunteering here, in response to Governor Clark's call, and expect to do service immediately. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 4, 1861, p. 4, c. 2
            We are indebted to L. Cannon Esq. of Hempstead, for a box of de Gouvea's native Piedmont wine, manufactured from Texas grapes.  This wine was made last summer by Mr. John S. de Gouvea, a native of Madeira, and although it has but about six months age as yet, it is by far the best American wine we have ever tasted.  Longworth's Catawba, either sparkling or sill, is not worthy of notice by the side of this.  Mr. de Gouvea has certainly hit upon the right process of making wine from the Texas grapes.  A man must be indeed hard to please who would seek anything finer than this.
            We understand Mr. Cannon has planted about 600 vines this year at Piedmont, Grimes county, and will in a few days receive a quantity of cuttings from Madeira to graft upon them.  It is believed that the culture of the Madeira grape in Texas, will produce not only a superior wine, but that it will become exceedingly profitable.  There is no doubt that the cultivation of the native grape of our State, will vastly improve them.  Mr. Cannon expects to manufacture several thousand gallons of wine this summer, and we certainly hope that he may be successful in his enterprise.
                                                                                                            Houston Telegraph. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 1, c. 3

Military Companies Through Waco.

            During the past ten days three splendid companies passed through this place. Capt. Boggess' command, from Henderson, of 83 men, finely mounted, belonging to McCulloch's regiment.  Capt.  Richardson, of Marshall—Ford's Regiment—passed through last Saturday.  This command of 110 men were mounted on the best horses we have seen in Texas.  They were received by the Lone Star Guards of Waco, Capt. Davis, with military honors.—On Monday Capt. Good, of Dallas, passed through with a battery of artillery.  His men were splendidly armed with rifled muskets, six shooters and sabres.  Capt. Good is a gallant soldier, and fine tactician.  We regret to see his command leaving northern Texas; they may be needed in that quarter.  We hope when the service for which he is detailed, is performed, that his battery will be ordered back, so that it may be convenient to our northern border.
            Lieut. Col. Baylor passed through Waco on Monday, on his way to organize the companies of Ford's at San Antonio.
            We hope that Col. Baylor may make some exchange of command, so that his invaluable military services may not be lost to our northern border.  Perfectly acquainted with the Geography and topography of the whole scope of our territory to the foot of the Plains, his services would be more invaluable in a border war upon our Northwest, than they could be with Ford upon the Rio Grande.—Waco South West. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 1, c. 3
            In most quarrels, there is a fault on both sides.  Both flint and steel are necessary to the production of a spark; either of them may hammer on wood forever, and no fire will follow. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 1, c. 3
                        Sallie and I.
                        by Annie M. Duganne. 

We're in the market--Sallie and I--
Are there no bachelors wanting to buy?
None who have courage enough to propose;
None who have wisdom enough to disclose
That they've shirts without buttons, and pants without straps.
They have vests with fringed edges, and coats with torn flaps,
And their last winter's hose are minus of toes,
And their uncovered heels are like to get froze,
For lack of such bodies as Sallie and I
To attend to the wants and the woes we espy? 

We are no coquettes--Sallie and I--
So free-loving dandies need not apply--
Beauty's admirers or Wit's devotees
Need not approach for we never shall please;
But we know of a circle whose names are untold
In Fame's shining temples or mansions of gold,
Whose lives without spot, or blemish, or blot,
Have won them the honor the world giveth not--
For such, worthy bachelors, Sallie and I
Still wait in the market--will ye not buy? 

Unsullied Virtue, Sallie and I,
Only can offer to those who apply--
Hearts warm and loving we've striven to blend
With hand ever ready in need to befriend;
And our lips seldom gossip, our feet rarely roam
Beyond the charmed precinct of childhood's sweet home--
And to wash, brew or bake, small splutter we make,
For "Quiet and Thrift" is the motto we take--
Oh! rare are such housewives as Sallie and I;
Lonely old bachelors, will ye not buy? 

We're in the market--Sallie and I--
Shall we be left in the market to die?
Swiftly youth's fleeting years over us go.
Dimmer the rays from Hope's beacon light glow,
And the dimples where Cupid hath chosen his bed,
Too long left unkissed, will be wrinkles instead--
And our hearts, like the May, will forget to be gay
If love's fragrant blossoms ne'er dawn on our way;
Such is the petition, Sallie and I
Offer to bachelors--pray, will ye buy? 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 2, c. 4

A Flag.

            The Ladies request us to state, that a Flag will be presented to the Home Guards of Red River County, on Saturday next.  There will be a presentation address by some young lady. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 2, c. 6

Home Movements.

            Our readers will see Col. Young's letter and call for volunteers.
            On Saturday morning, a company of 104 men raised in Paris, left under command of Capt. S. B. Maxey, for Fort Washita, Arbuckle, or somewhere.
            On Monday morning Clarksville was alive with excitement, and men were completing their equipments and starting off, during the whole morning, for the rendezvous at Robbinsville.  About 100 left that place in the evening.  Our ladies had been busy during Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, in preparing husbands, brothers, and friends, for the service, and also in preparing a flag, and were about the main streets in little squads, to see them off.
            Since then Dr. Look has come home from Washita.  Col. Young with 500 men had taken the Fort, which was in charge of one man.  Found one cannon, a lot of flint-lock muskets, and considerable powder.  The troops 800 strong had left for Leavenworth.
            If war continues we shall have forays from Kansas, and this northern frontier must be well prepared.  We cannot afford to send any troops South.  Any where on the Gulf coast, or in the railroad region, troops can be rapidly conveyed to any assailed point.  But up here a foray could be made, immense damage done, and the parties away, before we could have a defensive force to repel them.  We must maintain Washita, as a permanent post, and should have spies out northward, on all travelled routes, constantly, regularly relieved and reporting.
            Geo. W. Wright from Lamar, was in town on Monday, on his way South-east to procure arms for his county.  He was furnished $2000 from our County Treasury for a similar purpose.
            We also have a local military organization to which a large number have put their names to organize and drill, ready for efficient service. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 2, c. 6

Sensible.

            The following from the Houston Telegraph is applicable elsewhere, than in that vicinity:
            Save your powder.  There is no large supply of powder in the country, and the practice of firing salutes on every occasion is a wasteful expenditure of the means of protecting our homes against invasion. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 1, c. 7
Summary:  Letter from Bonham by a member of the Red River volunteers.  Entire right side illegible due to inside curve of bound newspaper.  Includes:  "At every place we have entered, our flag has been welcomed by loud huzzas, and the waving of handkerchiefs by the ladies.  Along the road repeatedly we are greeted with the cry of "Hurrah for the South," "Long live the Red River volunteers," in some instances the ladies weeping."  This article is probably readable in the original. 

STANDARD [CLARKSVILLE, TX], May 11, 1861, p. 2, c. 7
                                                                                                Sherman, May 2, '61.
            C. DeMorse, Esq:--Dear Sir:--By yesterday's mail I received orders to raise 100 [?—hard to read] men, to be composed of companies of Infantry from the counties of Bowie, Red River, Titus, Lamar, Hopkins, Fannin, Hunt, Grayson, Collin, cook and Denton, for the protection of the Northern border of our State.  The troops to furnish their own arms, &c., to be called for one year unless sooner discharged.  I hop the counties will respond immediately with companies of 83 or even 100:  the emergency requires promptness and dispatch.
                        Yours, &c.,                                                     Wm. C. Young.
            P. S.  Companies raised under this call will report to me at Gainesville, cook county, immediately.