[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT
1860 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 2

Joshua F. James,
Manufacturer of
Cakes, Candies, and Confectionaries,
Pyramids, etc.

Just received per steamer South Bend—
30 doz fresh Cove Oysters;
10   "        "    Lobsters;
4     "        "    Salmond; [sic]
200 boxes fresh Sardines;
6 doz fresh Pickles;
6    "   Pepper Sauce;
2    "   Worcester Sauce;
2    "    White Pepper;
2 boxes Ground Ginger;
2     "     Citrons;
150 lbs. Currants;
6¼ boxes Raisins;
1 box Ground Cinnamon,
1    "         "      Pepper;
6,000 fine Cigars;
300 bundles Cigarettes;
600 lbs choice Tobacco;
1 lot of Snuff;
400 lbs Cheese;
2 boxes Pine Apple Cheese;
25 barrels fine Flour;
1 cask fine Old Cognac randy;
1    "       "     "    Madeira Wine;
1 barrel Pure Old  Bourbon;
3 baskets fine Champagne Wine;
A lot of assorted Cordials and Port Wine;
2 barrels Molasses;
2      "      Soft Shell Almonds;
Soda, Butter and Sugar Crackers;
Candy of all kinds;
For sale by                                           J. F. James.
Dec. 21 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 2

"Fashion is a Fickle Jade."

But Mrs. R. A. Graham has just received the latest and most fashionable in Fancy Goods and can satisfy all that her's is the last and most approved style of the "fickle jade."  She has Bonnets, Ribbons, Dress Trimmings and all description of

Millinery Goods.

            Also Dress Making attended to as usual.
           
Call and examine for yourselves, and such inducements will be offered as will insure a bargain to the purchaser.
                                               
                                                            R. A. Graham.
           
Oct. 12, 1859. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 2

Garden Seeds.

            Just received, a fresh supply of the "Quaker" Kentucky Garden Seeds, and for sale by
                                               
                                                John Collins,
Jan 25                                                                                                  Steamboat Landing. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 2
           
Sundries, Just received, and for sale cheap—30 bags Shot, assorted; 300 lbs. Bar Lead; 10 boxes Star Candles; 5 doz. Shaker Brooms; 1 box Indigo; 1 ½ barrel Madder; 6 doz. Mustard; 1 case Tar, in cans.
Feb. 1, 1860.                                                                                       Sarasin & Kramer. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 2
           
Just received, per steamer Hickman—2 barrels of fine Sour-Krout; and for sale by
                                               
                                                            W. C. Scruggs & Bro.
Feb. 1, 1860. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 2

Garden Seed.

By late arrival, we are in receipt of a fresh lot of Kentucky Garden Seed, put up expressly for Southern use by Pitkin, Waird & Co., of Louisville.  Call and get a supply.
Feb. 1, 1860.                                                                                       Hudson & Ives. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 4

Spring is Coming!  Garden and Flower Seeds.

Of the Choicest kinds and purest and freshest quality, for sale by
                                               
                                                            Henry Jacobi,
                                               
                                    Markham street, Little Rock, Ark.
           
Orders addressed by mail promptly attended to.
           
N.B.—These seeds are from the celebrated establishment of H. A. Dreer, Philadelphia, who has gained a reputation at home as well as abroad, as being the most reliable seed man in the country.
           
Every paper is warranted to contain only those seeds that are denominated on its label.  Full directions printed on every label.
                                               
                                                            H. Jacobi.
           
Feb. 8, 1860. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 4

Garden Seed.

Persons wishing to obtain really fresh Garden Seed should call and examine my stock, as I am now offering for sale upwards of 9,000 papers, direct from Peter & Buchanan, and Pitkin, Waird & Co., of Louisville, Ky.
                                               
                                                J. J. McAlmont,
Feb. 8.                                                                                     At the New Drug Store. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 3

For Sale,

Clover Seed,
           
Hard Grass Seed,
                       
Timothy Seed,
                       
            Blue Grass Seed.
Corn Shellers, Shovels, Spades, Hoes, Axes, Giant crushers, and many other articles, by
Jan. 25th, '60.                                                                           James F. Batte. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 1, c. 3
           
Garden Seeds—A large and general assortment of Garden Seeds and Onion Setts, fresh from Pitkin, Waird & Co., of Louisville, Ky.
                                               
                                                Clements & Willett. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 3, c. 7

Grand, Sublime and Novel
Exhibition
by the
Ericsson and Hydrogen
Balloon Company!

Will exhibit at Little Rock, on Saturday, march 3d, 1860, in their Mammoth Wall Pavilion, Positively for One Day Only!  Circuses!  Menageries! and all other Exhibitions thrown in the shade by the Thrilling Sublimity of the most Stupendous Balloon exhibitions in the world!!  The unrivalled Aeronauts with this Company!
           
Mr. W. J. Shotts, the greatest of American Aeronauts, and Mons. Le White, the great Daring, Foreign, Equiliptic Aeronaut having been engaged by this Company, at an immense expense to visit the principal cities and towns of the United States, for the purpose of making a variety of their unrivalled and magnificent

Balloon Ascensions!

            The Company will distribute at each place where the Ascension takes place, $1,000 Dollars worth of Prizes to the audience, consisting of handsome Gold and Silver Watches, Magnificent Gold Jewelry, Beautiful Gold and Silver Pencils, and Admission Tickets to Prof. Pyrington's

Grand Fire Works Exhibition,

for the 5th of July.  Admission tickets to the Balloon Exhibition, only one dollar, each one admitting the holder, and entitling them to one of the prizes.
           
Admission without a prize 50 cents.
           
N.B.—Should the weather prove unfavorable, the Ascension will come off the next fair day.
           
For full particulars, see small and descriptive bills. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, February 22, 1860, p. 4, c. 8

Bellevue Gardens and Nursery

            The proprietor of these Gardens offers to the public a variety of choice

Fruits, Flowers,

Evergreens, Creepers, Green-house Plants, and hardy Shrubbery of all kinds.  An extensive variety of choice Pears, Peaches, Apples, Nectarines, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Grapes, Strawberries, Quinces, Currants, Gooseberries, Figs, Pecans, Spanish Chestnuts, Almonds, Filberts, English Walnuts, Raspberries, etc., etc.  Also, thousands of Magnolias of different kinds and sizes; Firs, Yews, Cedars, Junipers, Arbor Vitae, Tree Dwarf and Variegated Box, Hemlock, and Weeping Evergreens, of sorts suitable for cemeteries.

Cut Flowers

Furnished at all seasons of the year.  A choice selection of Bulbs and Flower Seeds daily expected from Europe; notice of the arrival of which will given.
           
From persons unknown to the proprietor, a remittance or satisfactory reference must accompany all orders.  All orders should give specific directions as to route of shipment and destination.  A moderate charge made for packing, sufficient to cover expense for boxing, bagging, etc.
           
All packages, after being receipted for by post or railroad are at the risk of the purchaser.  Should any omission or mistake occur in a shipment, the same will be cheerfully corrected upon notice being given to the proprietor.
           
Catalogues sent FREE OF CHARGE to all applicants.
                                               
                                                            S. M. Wheaton,
Oct. 5, 1859.                                                                                       Memphis, Tenn. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 1, c. 8

To the Housewife.

            Female Purity.—All the influence which women enjoy in society—their right to the maternal care which forms the first and indelible species of education; the wholesale restraint which they possess over the passions of mankind; their power of protecting us when young, and cheering us when old—depend so entirely upon their personal purity, and the charm which it casts around them, that to insinuate a doubt of its real value is willfully to remove the broadest corner stone on which civil society rests, with all its comforts.
           
Matrimony.—A man and his wife were on a certain occasion enlisted in a dispute, which of them had committed the fault in some late occurrences; at length the husband, perceiving that it might amount to something unpleasant, kindly and sweetly remarked:
           
"Well, my dear, I had as lief it would be I as you that committed the fault, for we have but one interest and one character."
           
"Yes, my dear," replied the wife, "and I had as lief it would be myself as you."
           
Of course, the quarrel was healed in a moment.—N. Y. Recorder.
 
           The Mother Molds the Man.—That it is the mother who moulds the man is a sentiment beautifully illustrated by the following recorded observation of a shrewd writer:--"When I lived among the Choctaw Indians, I held a consultation with one of their chiefs respecting the aims of civilized life; and, among other things, he informed me that at their start they fell into a great mistake—they only sent boys to school.  These boys came home intelligent men, but they married uneducated and uncivilized wives—and the uniform result was the children were all like their mothers.  The father soon lost all his interest in both wife and children—And now, said he, "if we would educate but one class of our children, we should choose the girls, for when they become mothers they educate their sons."  This is the point, and it is true.  No nation can become fully enlightened when mothers are not in a good degree qualified to discharge the duties of the home work of education.
           
Teach Women to Save.—There's the secret.  A saving woman at the head of a family is the very best saving bank yet established—one that received deposits daily and hourly, with no costly machinery to manage it.  The idea of saving is a pleasant one, and if "the women" would imbibe it at once they would cultivate and adhere to it, and thus, many when they were aware of it, would be laying the foundation for a competent security in a stormy time and shelter in a rainy day.—The woman who sees to her own house has a large field to save in, and the best way to make her comprehend it is for her to keep an account of current expenses.  Probably not one wife in ten has an idea how much are the expenses of herself or family.  What from one or two thousand dollars are expended annually there is a chance to save something, if the attempt is only made.  Let the house-wife take the idea—act upon it—and save it—and she will save many dollars—perhaps hundreds—where before she thought it impossible.  This is a duty—not a prompting of avarice—a moral obligation that rests upon all—upon "the women" as well as upon the men; but is a duty we are sorry to say, that is cultivated very little even among those who preach the most, and regard themselves as examples in most matters.  "Teach the woman to save," is a good enough maxim to be inserted in the next edition of "Poor Richard's Almanac."
           
Finding Fault with Children.—It is at times necessary to censure and punish.  But very much more may be done by encouraging children when they do well.  Be therefore more careful to express your approbation of good conduct, than your disapprobation of bad.  Nothing can more discourage a child than a spirit of incessant fault finding as the part of its parents.  And hardly anything can exert a more injurious influence upon the disposition both of parents and child.
           
There are two great motives influencing human nature—hope and fear.  Both of these are at times necessary.  Who would not prefer to have her child influenced to good conduct by a desire of pleasing, rather than by the fear of offending?  If a mother never expresses her gratification when her children do well, and is always censuring them when she sees anything amiss, they are discouraged and unhappy.  Their disposition becomes hardened and soured by this ceaseless fretting, and at last, finding whether they do well or ill, they are equally found fault with, they relinquish all efforts to please, and become heedless of reproaches.
           
But let a mother approve of her childs conduct whenever she can.—Let her show that his good behavior makes her sincerely happy.  Let her reward him for efforts to please, by smiles and affection.  In this way she will cherish in her child's heart some of the noblest and most desirable feelings of our nature.  She will cultivate in him an amiable disposition and a cheerful spirit.  Your child has been through the day, very pleasant and obedient.  Just before putting him to sleep for the night, you take his hand, and say, "My son, you have been very good to day.  It makes me very happy to see you so kind and obedient.—God loves children who are dutiful to their parents, and he promises to make them happy."  This approbation from his mother is to him a great reward.  And when with more than affectionate tone, you say, "Good night, my dear son," he leaves the room with his heart full of feeling.  And when he closes his eyes for sleep, he is happy, and resolves that he will always try to do his duty.—The Mother at Home. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 2, c. 1
           
The soubriquet of Johnny Crapand, no longer attaches to a Frenchman with its former significance, for both English and Americans have learned to consider frogs as good eating.  In the market houses frogs are sold, or rather the legs are sold at two dollars a hundred.  Restaurants and hotels serve them up as a choice dish.  As an evidence of the demand for this luxury, we see it stated that an enterprising firm have recently prepared large ponds in New Jersey as froggeries for breeding these batrachian table delicacies.  Superior breeds have been introduced and, no doubt, the future journalist will hereafter record enormous legs of frogs, weighing ever so many ounces, as they now make items of the weight of cattle or sizes of huge vegetables. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 2, c. 2

The Exiled Free Negroes Returning into Slavery.

            The northern papers have been busily assailing the inhumanity of the act which exiled this unfortunate class from our State.
           
We have now tested practically the law which relieved us from their presence, and the free negroes have tested the life of freedom among the freedom shriekers at the North.
           
Our experience is of the most agreeable character, and the law has proven itself to be one of the very best on our statute book.  Since Arkansas has been made by that act strictly a slave State, since all hope is cut off by statutory enactment of slaves here being liberated by will, or deed, unless the slave is carried beyond our limits in the lifetime of his owner and set free, there has been a marked change for the better in the character of the slave population.  There is no discontent and no disposition to shirk service due even to indulgent masters.  We can safely recommend to our sister States the law as salutary and wise under existing circumstances.  The conduct of the northern abolitionists brought about the necessity of this law, forced us in self-defence to pass it, and the result is they have forced into voluntary slavery a large number of free negroes.
           
Several of "the exiles" have returned and selected masters in this city.  Others have returned to other counties to our certain knowledge, and those here report a state of facts which any one could have foreseen.
           
All left here with plenty of money.  A few month's residence reduced them to penury and want.  They say the abolitionists swindled them out of all their money and gave them in exchange only lip professions, that the free negro of the North has poorer fare and a harder time than the slave of the South. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 2, c. 5
           
Mrs. Jacobi is manufacturing very neat and durable ladies' shoes, far preferable, in our opinion, to "store shoes."  We hope she will be liberally encouraged in her laudable enterprize. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 3, c. 3
           
Washington's Birth-Day in Canada.—The United States citizens resident in Hamilton, C. W., held their second anniversary of Washington's birth-day on the evening of the 22nd, by a dinner and festival at the Anglo-American Hotel.  A number of interesting speeches were made, after which there was a ball. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 3, c. 3
           
The Irish servant girls of New York and Brooklyn, during the year 1859, sent home to their parents, brothers and sisters the enormous sum of one million three hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 3, c. 6

Ladies Shoe Store.

            I am now manufacturing Ladies' Shoes in the neatest and most desirable style.  I make superior
           
Ladies' Gaiters;
           
    "                   Lace Boots;
               
"                               Polka Boots;
           
    "                                           Buskins and Slippers;
Or any style of Ladies' Shoes that may be called for will be made to order at the shortest notice.
           
Misses and Childrens' Shoes also attended to with the utmost care and dispatch.
           
March 7, 1860.                                                                       Mrs. S. A. Jocobi. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 3, c. 6

Bird Cages.

            A very elegant assortment of Squirrel, Canary, Mocking and Breeding Bird Cages, just received and for sale by
           
March 7                                                                                  A. Navra. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 3, c. 6
           
Keep Dry—With one of Beebe & Parish's Water Proof Wagon Hats, warranted to turn rain, sleet and hail.
           
March 7 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 7, 1860, p. 3, c. 6

Potatoes.

            The early Pink Eyed Potatoe [sic] for sale by
           
March 7                                                                                  Beebe & Parish. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 14, 1860, p. 1, c. 8
           
Democratic Apostle and a Convert.—Down in Egypt, Illinois, Deacon Smith one day was called upon to marry an old couple, not less than sixty years of age.—The crowd assembled at the old log school-house to see the happy couple joined together.  The deacon and the marital candidate rose.
           
"Mr. Jones," said the deacon, "and Sarah Long, stand up.  Do you, Mr. Jones, take Sarah Long, whom you hold by the right hand, to be your lawful and wedded wife, so long as you both shall live?"
           
"No sir, Deacon Smith," said Jones; "so long as both shall agree."
           
This matter being understood, the Deacon proceeded:
           
"Do you, Sarah Long, take Mr. Jones, whom you hold by the right hand, to be your lawful wedded husband, so long as you both shall live?"
           
"No, sir, Deacon Smith, so long as Mr. Jones shall vote the democratic ticket," replied the patriotic female.
           
The happy couple were joined together, and went on their way rejoicing. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 14, 1860, p. 2, c. 5-6

White Slaves at the North.

            The great design of the Helper book, as the object of the Beecher tracts, is to array the non-slaveholders in the South against slave owners.  Appealing to the inherent jealously of human nature, they have gone further and asserted that the condition of non-slaveholders at the South would be bettered and their labor better rewarded.—Here, where a forty acre farm can be bought with five dollars and that amount of money earned in less than a week; where labor commands prices double those at the North, and where all white men are equal such a fallacy scarcely needs a refutation.  Without now stopping to dwell on the crowded poor-houses at the North; their paupers hired to the lowest bidder; the thousands who beg to be permitted to work, their sewing girls stitching for a few cents a day; the thousands yearly driven to vice and crime to obtain the means to live; in fine, the continual struggle between capital and labor, we wish to show the wages of the laboring man in the "rural districts."  In the cities servant girls obtain from three to eight dollars a month; in the country from two to six dollars.  Out of this, they are expected to clothe themselves and pay all doctor's bills.  Moreover, if taken sick, the time lost is deducted and their wages are proportionately less.  As to how men are employed and paid we have some evidence to submit to our readers and will let them weigh it and contrast the situation of white men North and South.
           
Sometime since the New York Tribune asked for answers from all sections to certain questions, five in number, as follows:
           
"I.  What have you paid a day and month to the laborers employed upon your farm during the present winter, with or without board?
           
II.  What do you propose to pay a month, or a year, for farm laborers for the next season, commencing, say, April 1?
           
III.  Are wages in your section likely to be higher or lower than last season?
           
IV.  Is it your opinion that farmers will employ more or less laborers this year than last, as a general thing?
           
V.  Will farmers generally employ more laborers if wages are, as many expect they will be, considerably lower the next season than they have been in past seasons?"
           
To these, numerous answers have been received and published.  We select a few at random:
           
New York.—W. B. Sweet of Pompey, Onondaga co., answers:  In winter, 37 ½ cents a day, or $8 a month, and board.  II.  Say $13 and board.  III.  Wages will be lower.  IV.  I think less.  V.  If considerably less, farmers may employ more.
           
Jos. E. Farr of Big Flats, Chemung co., Jan. 8, answers:  I.  Per day 62 ½ cents; per month, $8 to $10 and board.  II.  From $10 to $13, with board and washing; per day, 50 to 62 ½ cents for ordinary farm laborers.  III.  About the same.  IV.  As a general thing more, in my opinion.  V.  If considerably lower, much more, for then they would plant every tillable acre, which of late has not been done, owing to high price of labor.
           
Loyd, Ulster co., Jan. 17.—Abraham Wicklaw, answers:  I.  We pay $6 a month for four winter months, with board, washing and mending.  By the day, 50 cents and board.  II.  We have engaged our winter laborer for a year from April 1 for $132, with board, washing and mending, and a boy of 15 years at $6 for eight months, with board.  III.  Probably a trifle lower, certainly no higher.  IV.  Ditto.  V.  If wages were reasonably lower, farmers would hire mire, and make improvements.—Now they are unwilling to undertake any.  We live six miles west of New Paltz landing, and land is worth $50 to $85 per acre.
           
In the answers from all parts of the State of New York, the respondents complain of the present "high prices" for labor.
           
From Connecticut, Vermont and the other New England States the answers are all alike.  The price per day is from 30 to 50 cents in winter and 50 to 75 in summer. Girls get from 50 cents to one dollar a week.  The same complaint is made that these exorbitant prices prevent farmers from hiring as many hands as they need.
           
We now come to the West where we naturally expected a better state of things:
           
Ohio.—Lucas, Richland co., Jan. 21.—I.  Per day, 50 cents and board.  Nearly all winter, work is by the day.  II.  I propose $13 through the summer, and board.  III.  Likely to advance.  IV.  We are necessitated to hire more than we could get lat year.  V.  Farmers would employ more at a moderate reduction of wages, as then laborers are wanted to where there is one here.  Farmers do without help, because they cannot afford to pay more than at present.  There are seven vacant tenant houses near me, the owners of which want laborers to occupy them.  If there are any idle farm laborers in the city, let them come here.—Jas. V. Thompson.
           
Michigan.—Lakeville, Oakland co., Jan. 23.—I.  Per day, 50 cents and board.  Per month, by the year, for good hands, $12, and board and washing.  II.  For do. $13, from March 1, for nine months.  By the year, we think good hands will be $10 to $13.  III.  Same.  IV.  About as last year.  V.  Good hands are scarce, and always in demand at these prices, and pay certain.—H. S. Hulick & Co.
           
Wisconsin.—S. H. Slaymaker, of Rock county, writes from Lancaster Pa., Jan. 9, of wages in Wisconsin.  I.  I am paying $140 a year and board.  II.  I will pay after April 1 $10 a month.  III.  From the number seeking employment, wages are likely to be lower.  IV.  Farmers will not employ more hands.  V.  A lower rate would not generally induce farmers to hire more laborers with us.
           
Illinois.—Joliet, Jan. 18.—I.  I furnish house and fuel and pay $14 a month.  Per day, 50 cents and board, or 75 cents without.  II.  Not over $11 per month for eight months.  III.  Wages will be rather lower.  IV.  Less than last season.  V.  If wages were lower, a few farmers would employ more—the majority would not.  These answers will apply to the whole west, with slight variations.—H. Rowell.
           
Momence, Kankakee, Jan. 23—Byron N. McKinstry says:  I.  Per day 50c per month, $8 to $10 and board, in winter.  II.  For eight months, $10 to $14, average $12, per year, $120.  III.  About the same.  IV.  Ditto.  V.  Decidedly, yes; many more, if wages were not so high that we can make nothing by employing hands.  Our laborers are mostly Germans; good Americans would get more.  Women get from $1 to $2 a week.
           
Plainfield, Hendrirks co.—John C. Walton says:  I.  Per day, 50c; per month, $10 and board.  II.  Per winter, $15.  III.  Likely to be lower.  IV.  I think more than last year.  V.  If wages were lower, farmers would employ more than they have for several years.
           
Enoch N. Adams, of Sterling, Wayne co., Jan. 23, says:  I paid last season 62 ½ cents a day, and will pay next summer, for good, faithful men, $12 a month, for eight months.
           
Jacob R. Heap, Camden, Carroll co., Jan. 22, says:  I.  Per day, 50 cents; per month, $10 and board in winter.  II.  I propose to pay $12 to $15 and board during the summer.  III.  Likely to be the same.  IV.  I think more.  V.  Undoubtedly they would.  Many of the idle men in your city could fine employment here at reasonable wages—not at the above wages of experienced hands.
           
These extracts are sufficient for our purpose.  It must be borne in mind that very little work is done in winter.  During the inclement season and when everything needed by a family costs most, the laborer cannot find employment.  Admitting that no sickness prevents him from steady labor and he receives the highest rates, we find that a laboring man can receive from a hundred to a hundred and forty dollars a year.  Out of this, if a married man, he has to pay rent, support a family and educate his children.  Land is from $50 to $500 an acre, and if he was as saving as Lowes or any other miser, he could not, in a long lifetime save enough to buy himself and family a home.  Here, besides the fact that a laborer commands a dollar to a dollar and a half a day, that so far as board is concerned, no difference is made, it is in the power of every man to own a farm.  In all neighborhoods it is the custom to help the new comer or settler to raise his house and then a few acres will yield enough corn to supply the family and raise swine.  The woods afford game and our streams are full of fish.  In Arkansas no man need be poor.  In fact, poverty as understood at the North, is almost unknown here.  The soil is to be had for a mere pittance, the woods and streams furnish food even to those indisposed to work, while, if the poor man here will work half as hard as the poor white man at the North is compelled to work or starve, he will be surrounded with a home and its comforts, and be an owner of the soil.  And this should be the aim of every man.  Of our male population, out of the cities, the number is surprisingly small who do not known land.  A glance at our tax books will show that a majority of the men in Arkansas are owners of real estate, and of those who do not own it, nine-tenths of them would, in a week own a tract of land.  And this independence, these privileges and these prices, the people of the south are asked to give up and assume the places of white slaves at the North, who, working for a mere pittance are called exorbitant and questions propounded as to the best way still further to reduce their wages.  Let it not be thought that their labor is as light as their pay.  On the contrary, they spring to it from daybreak until dark and toil more severely than any negro in the South.
           
So it will be ever.  There will be two classes—the master and the slave—the employer and the employed.  In the South, the lower class is those whom nature intended to be servants.  At the North it is those of their own color and very often men and women of superior education and requirements.  Their servitude is the more oppressive and the more galling, because it is the debasement of an equal—the servitude of the negro is his normal state and he is happiest when protected and provided for by the superior race. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 14, 1860, p. 2, c. 7
           
The Baloon. [sic]—On Wednesday last the baloon [sic] ascension was made as promised by the managers, and was really an interesting affair.  Mr. Schott went up in the baloon [sic], or rather, in the basket attached to it, sailed two or three miles through the air and landed safely on the plantation of Judge Clendenin. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 21, 1860, p. 1, c. 8
           
The following certificate was duly granted to the parties therein named and signed by an embryo Justice of the Peace in Peora county Illinois:  "To all the world greeting, know ye that John Smith and Peggy Myres is hereby certified to go togeather [sic] and do as married folks does, anywhere in corporas precinct, and when my commission comes I am to marry 'em good, and date 'em back to kiver accidents." 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 21, 1860, p. 3, c. 7

B. Bernays,
Importer of and Dealer in
Genuine Havana Cigars!
Of the Finest Qualities,

Also—Genuine Turkish and W. India Smoking, and Choice Virginia Chewing Tobacco, Genuine Meerschaum Cigar Tubes, Meerschaum Pipes, Oriental  Cigar Smokers, Hookas, Pipe Stems, Amber Mouth-Pieces, Cigar Cases, Matches, and all other Articles required by Smokers, in great variety.  Markham street, Little Rock, Arkansas, opposite S. H. Tucker's.

Vavina's Canaster in Coils.

Genuine imported Surinam of the crop of 1850—a natural sun-cured leaf—(warranted pure and unadulterated) the mildest and the healthiest Smoking Tobacco in the world, constantly on hand and for sale by
                                               
                                                B. Bernays,
                                               
                                                            Markham street.

Mahommad's Delight."

Genuine imported Turkish Smoking Tobacco, Venije Brand, in 1 lb. packages of the finest quality constantly on hand and for sale by
                                               
                                                B. Bernays, Markham street
                                               
                                                Opposite S. H. Tucker's.

Oronoko.

A Lot of the above brand of Virginia Sun-Cured Chewing Tobacco, and many other Brands, extra manufactured of best Virginia Chewing Tobacco, just received and for sale by

                                                                                                B. Bernays,
                                               
                                                            Markham street.

Meerschaum!  Meerschaum!

Superior article, warranted genuine, consisting of
Silver-Mounted and Plain Pipes, with or without Stems—also put up in Cases with Cigar Tubes, Tobacco Pouch and Match Box.
Cigar Tubes and Pipes, with Amber Mouth Pieces, carved and plain.
Hookas, and other Turkish Water Pipes, adapted for one or more smokers.
Oriental Cigar Tubes, (Smokers,) of different sizes and make in great, of the newest style, constantly on hand, and always supplied by fresh receipts, and for sale by
                                               
                                                B. Bernays.

Havana Cigars!

The undersigned would respectfully call the attention of his friends and the public in general, who love to smoke

Genuine Havana Cigars
To his large and well selected stock consisting of
40,000
Of Imperials, Regalias, Britanicas, Regalias Cilin-
dradas, Regalias Londres, Media Regalias,
Regalias Chicas, Conchas, Conchitas,
Magnificos, Londres, Regentes,
Graciosas, Paper Cigarettes,
etc., etc., etc., etc.,
Imported Direct from the Follow-
ing Manufactories:
Cabanas, Sevilliana,
Cinto de Orion, La Granadin,
Lizzie, El Rio Sella, Dolce far Niente,
Alhambra, Washington, Jefferson, Wm Rufus
King, La Confianza, El Sol, Cervantes, Churrues,
Carolina, Coloso de Santhago, Cuatro Sobrina,
La Ferdinanda, Estanillo, La Glora, El
Talisman, Escocesa, Rio Hondo,
Uques, Flor de Rio
Seco, Anibal,
etc., etc.,

Also, Genuine Imported Turkish Smoking Tobacco, of the choice Brand "Venile," and ditto, ditto, "Surinam" Varinas Canaster of the crop of 1850—the mildest and healthiest Smoking Tobacco existing in the world, for sale at the lowest prices by
                                               
                                                            B. Bernays,
                                               
                                                            Markham street.

Removal!

The undersigned would respectfully inform his friends and the public generally, that he has removed from his old stand in Mr. J. A. Henry's Store, to more commodious rooms in

Ashley's Brick Row, on Markham Street,
Opposite S. H. Tucker's Establishment,
where he will continue to keep the
Choicest Brands
of Genuine Imported
Havana Cigars!
And all other articles necessary for smokers.

            Thankful for past favors, he would solicit a continuance of the patronage liberally bestowed on him heretofore.
                                               
                                                            B. Bernays.
           
Little Rock, March 21, 1860. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 24, 1860, p. 1, c. 8

A Rich Scene in Congress.

            "Ion," a Washington correspondent of the Dubuque Times, gives the following account of a rich scene in the House, during the ballot for Speaker, which we have not seen published before:
           
During the progress of the ballot many ludicrous scenes transpired.  One, in particular, I will mention, which excited a great deal of mirth.  As Barksdale was on M'Clernand, a lady in one of the front seats in the gallery was observed to become very much excited.  She coughed, made signs, and by other means attempted to attract the attention of a member below.  Not succeeding, she leaned far over the balcony, and in an audible whisper exclaimed, "David!  David!! change your vote, you booby!"  The honorable member looked up, recognized his better half, colored, hesitated, stammered, and then instantly changed his—seat.   A small, delicate fist was shaken at him from the gallery, amid the suppressed mirth of the spectators. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 24, 1860, p. 2, c. 7
           
The students of the college at Columbia, S. C., all wear gray kerseys, of home manufacture.  What say the cadets of St. Johns' College to that?
           
A cotton factory, capable of running 2,500 spindles, has been put in operation in Jefferson City, Louisiana.
           
A blind negro is taking down all the musicians in the southern states.  He plays over a thousand pieces on the piano, with brilliancy, taste, and all that sort of thing.  He learns any piece of music by hearing it played once.  All the musicians, amateurs, dilletanti, etc., are in raptures with "Tom." 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, March 31, 1860, p. 2, c. 7
The Very Last styles of Hats, Caps and Ladies Flats.
March 31                                                                                             Beebe & Parish.
Don't Dip—But if you will, buy your Snuff of
March 31                                                                                             Beebe & Parish. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 7, 1860, p. 1, c. 8

Learn This by Heart.

There was a young woman, and what do you think?
She soaked her light dresses in chloride of zinc.
Then fire could'nt hurt her, tho' close she came by it:
O ladies!  O managers!  why don't you try it? 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 7, 1860, p. 2, c. 3
           
Another Book Burning in Montgomery.—The Montgomery Mail, of the 29th, says:
           
At 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, by previous arrangement, there was a burning of the works of the notorious English abolitionist, Spurgeon, at the bookstore of Mr. B. B. Davis, Market street.  Mr. Davis prepared a good fire of pine sticks, in the rear of his store, and in the presence of several gentlemen—some of them true Baptists—about sixty volumes of Spurgeon were reduced to smoke and ashes. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 14, 1860, p. 2, c. 1

The Mountain Meadow Massacre.

            A friend has sent us a copy of the Valley Tan, published at Salt Lake city, on the 29th ult.  It contains a statement by W. H. Rogers concerning the massacre, which, though long, we will transfer to our columns as soon as we can.  It fixes the guilt of the Mormons beyond a doubt.—The narrative is plain, unpretending and clear.  We defy any man to read it without feeling his blood thrill in his veins.
           
One hundred and twenty American citizens, men, women and children, were murdered in cold blood.  The bones of these murdered emigrants, after having the flesh gnawed from them by wolves, were left to bleach for nearly two years on the ground, when they were collected by Major Carlton and buried in one grave.  A stone monument, conical in form, fifty feet high, has been erected over the grave.  A cross of red cedar, twelve feet in height surmounts this.  On the transum [sic] of the cross are these words:
           
"Vengeance is mine, I will repay, saith the Lord."
           
On a granite slap, at the base is the following inscription:

"Here
120 men, women and children were massacred in
cold blood, early in September, 1857.
They were from Arkansas."

            The children survivors are now in this State.  Will not some of our contemporaries in the north-west get their full names and account of their present situation?—Congress will be urged to take action in their behalf.  Our legislature will probably do something.  The State can well afford to give them land enough to provide for their future well doing.  They should be educated and the suggestion made by one of the Arkansas papers to that effect, only needs presentation to our people to secure them a handsome sum. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 14, 1860, p. 2, c. 7
           
The new metal aluminum, is now being made into thimbles, bracelets, eye-glasses and a variety of small articles.  The King of Denmark has a helmet made of it which is as light as a cloth cap, while a sabre cannot cut through it.
           
Livery keepers now use the odometer on all their vehicles.  It measures the distance traveled, and fast men who hire a buggy for a ride of a mile or two and go five or six, are astonished when they come to settle.  The stable man looks at his meter and tells them exactly how far they went.
           
Homespun clothes are becoming fashionable all over the South.  So much so that the factories in the different southern States are putting up more looms and machinery to enable them to supply the increased demand.  But, it must be added, this homespun is all for the masculines.—Nowadays fashion beats patriotism among the feminines and calico, silk, satin and the various imported and Yankee manufactured goods for female wear, have not in the least, given way to homespun.
           
At Elkhart, in Indiana, 71 grass widows gave a ball and invited their male friends.  No females who were not grass widows were admitted.  They had a high old time.  How the mouths of the editors of the Gazette and the Old Line Democrat must have watered when they came across that paragraph in their exchanges. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 14, 1860, p. 3, c. 6
           
A Revolving Bracelet.—A New York magazine of fashion describes a piece of jewelry which is destined to make a sensation among the "female persuasion."  It is a strap bracelet of fine link chain, of a quaint Venetian pattern.  The centre, set in a circular head, is a cluster of diamonds, having an outside waving edge of black enamel, divided into twelve compartments, each nestling a dazzling brilliant.  Between the edge and the central glory is a vine of fine gold, in what sailors term, "round turns," each turn embracing one of this cluster of diamonds, and from this vine buds of fine diamond burst into light.  But in the centre of all are two wheels, set in black enamel ground, each having eight arms, and each arm twelve diamonds.  These wheels turn out on a common axle, the hub being the largest diamond of all, and by an ingenious piece of machinery which is wound up with a key, these wheels are made to revolve in opposite directions for two hours.
           
Imagine the effect of this pyrotechnic display in a brilliantly lighted saloon, with a fair plump arm beneath it, if you can!  What admiration it would command from the men; what envying and heartburnings it would excite in the women! 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 21, 1860, p. 2, c. 4
           
Caterpillars.—For several years past, these pests of the orchard and shade trees have appeared throughout the State, making havoc with the fruit and other trees.  They are most commonly to be found on the hickory trees.  After stripping the tree they then spread to those adjacent, and sometimes destroy whole orchards.  As the time for their annual appearance is at hand, we give our readers a suggestion as to the best method of getting rid of them.  Take a gun, an old musket or a fowling piece, and put in it a small charge of powder.  A wad is unnecessary.  Put the muzzle of the gun as near as possible to the nest or bunch, and blaze away.  An ounce of two of powder will clear a tree.  If any of our readers know of any better plan to get rid of these troublesome visitors, we would be glad to have them air their knowledge in our columns. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 14, 1860, p. 3, c. 8
           
The executive committee of the American Colonization Society have appropriated ten thousand dollars to aid the free negroes expelled from Arkansas to find homes in Liberia.  The committee thought they were doing wonders with their appropriation.  To our knowledge several free negroes left this State with a much larger sum than that appropriated, and if they had desired to go to Liberia, could have gone on their own hook.  They all had more or less money. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 14, 1860, p. 3, c. 8
           
The Louisville glass works are turning out glass coffins, capable of being hermetically sealed.  Here is a chance to show off as a handsome corpse. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 14, 1860, p. 3, c. 7
           
The Panorama.—During the week, Mr. W. Paul exhibited at the theatre hall, in this city a series of paintings, giving a panoramic view of the adventures of Doctor Kane in the Arctic regions, in search of Sir John Franklin.  The views are spirited and natural, being made from drawings taken at the place they represent.  The bay of New York by moonlight is very pleasing.  With the paintings the exhibition shows the flag, rifle, and an Esquimau dog, all of which were connected with the expedition.
           
The exhibition is an interesting and meritorious one.  Fifty cents and an hour or two may be pleasantly and profitably spent in witnessing it. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 21, 1860, p. 3, c. 8

Fans.

            A Large lot of Sandlewood Fans, Linen do; Mourning do; Children do; Feather, Common and Fine Palm do.
           
Call at                                                                                      Clements & Willetts.
           
April 21. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 21, 1860, p. 3, c. 8

Sundries.

Cloths, Dinner and Market Baskets, and a great variety of Fancy Baskets, Tubs, Buckets, Churns, Roll Pins, Wooden and Iron Spoons, Ladles, Toasting Forks, Potato Smashers, Clothes Lines, Fish Lines, Fish Hooks, and almost anything called for.
                                               
                                                            Wm. Jones.
April 21. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, April 28, 1860, p. 3, c. 6

Sale of United States Property.

            There will be sold at the United States Arsenal at Little Rock, Arkansas, on the 28th day of May next, the following public property, viz:
           
3 Sets of two wheel Harness;
           
1    "          "         "         "
           
35 Whips;
           
229 Muskets, Percussion;
           
3            "           Flint;
           
158 Rifles, (Hall's) Flint;
           
45       "      Contract   "
           
11 Colt's Pistols;
           
32 Carbines, (Hall's)
           
5          "        (Jenk's)
           
25        "        (Sharp's)
           
36        "         (Burnside's)
           
21 Sabres, Horse Artillery and Cavalry;
           
24 Swords, Foot Artillery;
           
38      "       Non. Com. Officers and Musicians;
           
422 Cartridge Boxes;
           
391        "        Box Belts;
           
703 Belt Plates, assorted;
           
331 Bayonet Scabbards;
           
11 Holsters and Pouches;
           
7 Copper Flasks;
           
62 Saddles, (Grimley's)
           
27 Valises
           
175 lbs. Powder, (Cannon)
           
670   "        "        (Rifle)
           
3,820 Percussion Caps, sporting;
           
54 Curb Bridles, (Dragoon Bit)
           
20 Horse Brushes;
           
60 Circingles.
           
With many other articles too numerous to mention.  Sale to commence at 10 o'clock precisely.
                                               
                                                            Rich'd Fatherly,
                                               
                                                            M. S. K. Ord.
           
U. S. Arsenal, Little Rock, April 26, 1860. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, May 5, 1860, p. 3, c. 5
           
Another Filibustering Band.—The mysterious order of "The Tambourines" is attracting attention at San Antonio and Austin, Texas, where they have obtained strongholds.  It seems to be a fighting order and squint at Mexico.  The Intelligencer says that armed bodies of men arrive and disappear suddenly in Austin. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, May 5, 1860, p. 3, c. 7

Toweling.

Linen Damask and Diaper Towels; Damask Napkins, etc.
May 5.                                                                                                 Clements & Willett.
Cottonades and Planters Linen—A large lot; also a good stock of Cotton Stripes suitable for negro Clothing.
May 5.                                                                                                 Clements & Willett. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, May 5, 1860, p. 3, c. 7

More New Books.

Beulah, by Augusta J. Evans, of Mobile;
Woman, (La femme) by Michelet;
Love, (LaMour) by                "
Anecdotes of Love, by Lolla Montez;
True Womanhood, by Jno. Neal;
The Professor at the Breakfast Table, by the author of the "Autocrat;"
Leaves from an Actor's Note Book, by Vandenhoff;
The Art of Dancing, by Ferrero;
Wild Sports of the South, or Campfires of the Ever Glades;
Carolina Sports by Land and Water, including incidents of devil fishing, wild cat, deer and bear hunting, by Elliott;
Fisher's River Scenes and Characters, by "Skitt," of N. C., "who was raised thar."
Sight and Hearing, How Preserved and How Lost, by Dr. Clark, fifth 3dition.
Just opened at the bookstore by
May 5                                                                                                  Jno. E. Reardon. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, May 5, 1860, p. 3, c. 8

Dress Making.

Mrs. Irena See is prepared to make all descriptions of Ladies Dresses.—She has had much experience and feels certain that she can suit the tastes of all who desire her services.  Her residence is on Center street, opposite the residence of Wm. Hanie.
May 5, 1860. 

[LITTLE ROCK] ARKANSAS TRUE DEMOCRAT, May 12, 1860, p. 1, c. 8
           
In order that the mechanics of the South may have an idea of the wages their brethren of the North get, we clip the subjoined from the New York Times.  Their wages are small and time of labor long:
           
Recapitulation                                      Average                      No. of
                                               
                        Wages                          Hours
Trades and Professions                                   per week.                      per day.
Bakers                                                             $6 00                           17
Barbers                                                              8 00                           11
Bookbinders                                                       9 00                           10
Boot and Shoe makers                                        5 00                           15
Boot and Shoe makers by the peace [sic]            7 50                           15
Brewers and distillers, 7 days per week               6 00                           12
Bricklayers and Masons                                    10 00                           10
Cabinet-makers                                                  7 00                           10
Coopers                                                             6 50                           10
Carpenters (house)                                             7 00                           10
Carmen                                                              7 00                           10
Cigar-makers                                                     7 50                           10
Drug Clerks                                                       9 00                           13
Dry Goods Clerks (retail)                                 10 50                           14
Domestic Servants                                              6 00                            [blank]
Engineers                                                          11 00                           10
Fancy goods clerks (retail)                                10 00                           14
Folding Girls (books)                                          4 50                           10
Grocers clerks (retail), including board                9 00                           17
Gunsmiths                                                           9 00                          10
Hatters                                                             10 00                           10
Hoop skirt makers                                              5 50                             9
Iron moulders                                                   10 00                           10
Machinists                                                        11 00                           10
Millwrights                                                        11 00                           10
Painters                                                              7 00                           10
Piano Forte-makers                                            7 00                           10
Porters in stor