Recently, a novel coronavirus has emerged globally – COVID-19. Now classified as a pandemic by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), COVID-19 appears to spread easily from person to person and sustainably in communities in some affected geographic areas. Currently, people are thought to be most contagious when most symptomatic.

The virus is thought to primarily spread from person to person, between those who are in close proximity with one another, approximately within six feet. Moreover, COVID-19 spreads through respiratory droplets produced when those infected cough or sneeze. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of nearby people or potentially inhaled into the lungs.

Though not believed as primary sources of spread, COVID-19 transmission may be possible prior to symptom presentation, as well as interaction with a contaminated surface/object and then touching one’s face.

With growing spread, it’s important to know what to look for to protect yourself and others. Confirmed COVID-19 cases have reported illnesses ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness and even death. Symptoms identified with COVID-19 are:

  • Fever.
  • Cough.
  • Shortness of breath.

These symptoms may appear in as little as two days and up to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Should you believe you have been exposed to COVID-19 and develop symptoms, it is highly advised to consult a healthcare provider for medical advice. Should COVID-19 emergency warning signs develop, seek medical attention immediately. Emergency warning signs include:

  • Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.
  • Persistent pain or pressure in the chest.
  • New confusion or inability to arouse.
  • Bluish lips or face.

Please note that this list is not all inclusive and it is advised to consult a medical provider for any additional severe or concerning symptoms.

Some populations may be at higher risk of developing severe illness. These populations include:

  • Older adults (65+).
  • Pregnant women.
  • People with serious underlying medical conditions, such as:
    • Heart disease.
    • Diabetes.
    • Lung disease.
    • Cancer.
    • HIV.
    • High blood pressure.
    • Asthma.

With transmission occurring easily and certain populations at a heightened risk, these everyday actions are recommended for everyone to help prevent the spread of COVID‑19:

  • Wash hands often for 20 seconds and encourage others to do the same.
    • If no soap and water are available, use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
  • Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue, then throw the tissue away.
  • Avoid touching one’s face.
  • Disinfect surfaces and objects frequently touched.
  • Practice social distancing, such as:
    • Minimize physical contact with others.
    • Maintain a minimal distance of six feet from others.
    • Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
    • Avoid crowds and gatherings of over 10 people.

COVID-19 is an unprecedented occurrence in recent history, but with best public health practices, it is everyone’s responsibility to help stop the spread. Daily implementations of preventive measures such as handwashing, social distancing and avoiding touching one’s face are vital to slowing COVID-19’s spread. Even those that don’t stand to incur severe illness should still take these measures to prevent spreading COVID-19 to those with a heightened risk. Act responsibly and play a part in restoring normalcy for everyone.

All information is from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS). Please visit their respective websites for the latest updates and information relating to COVID-19.